Review Article

Potential of Peptides as Inhibitors and Mimotopes: Selection of Carbohydrate-Mimetic Peptides from Phage Display Libraries

Table 4

Summary of the selection of CMPs with polysaccharide-binding antibodies.

SpeciesCarbohydrate antigenName of antibodyPeptide libraryPeptide motif or representative sequences (peptide name)ReferencesNotes*

Cryptococcus  
neoformans
Polysaccharide (glucuronoxylomannan; GXM)2H1X6, X10, ADVA X6 TPXW [M/L][M/L] X6 AAG(E)TPXWM/LM/L, W/YXWM/LY; GLQYTPSWMLVG (PA1); SYSWMYE (P601E); FGGETFTPDWMMEVAIDNE (P206.1)[6467]Four motifs; X-ray analysis (PA1); peptide evolution (P206.1); peptide-KLH/TT
Streptococcus speciesCapsular polysaccharide (type 3, group B) S9X9WENWMMGNA; FDTGAFDPDWPA[68]Group B streptococci (GBS); peptide-KLH/BSA/OVA
Streptococcus  
pneumoniae
Capsular polysaccharide (serotype 4)mAb4X15SGQARVLYSEFINAL (pep4)[69]DNA vaccine
(serotype 8)(human mAb IgA)X12FHLPYNHNWFAL (PUB1)[70]Peptide-TT
(serotype 6B, 9V)206; F-5; Db3G9X12, X15MP7, 12, 55, 58[71]Peptide-KLH
Streptococcus  pyogenesCell-wall polysaccharide (group A)SA-3; Strep9; HGAC39; HGAC47; HGAC101X6, XCX8CX, X8CX8, X15CX, X15DRPVPY[72]Basis of peptide-carbohydrate cross-reactivity
Streptococcus agalactiae(serotype A, B, C)(IgG2, Ig polyclonal)X12NPDHPRVPTFMA (2–8); LIPFHKHPHHRG (3-2)[73]DNA vaccine; MAP-CFA/IFA
Neisseria meningitidisCapsular polysaccharide (serogroup A)9C10X15GEASGLCCRWSSLKGC[74]Peptide-proteasome
(serogroup B)HmenB3X12NKVIWDRDWMYP[75]Peptide-BSA-CFA/IFA
(serogroup B)9-2-L3, 7, 9CX6C, CX9CCGAVIDDC[76]Peptide-KLH
(serogroup B) [poly- 2–8 sialic acid (PSA)]30H12CX9CCSSVTAWTTGCG[77, 78]Enhanced migration of grafted neuroblasts in mouse brain
(serogroup B)Seam3X9, X12DYAWDQTHQDPAK (9M)[79]Peptide-KLH, DNA vaccine
(serogroup B)13D9X15RGDKSRPPVWYVEGE[80]Phage vaccine
(serogroups B and C) (IgG2, Ig polyclonal)X12EQEIFTNITDRV (G3)[73]DNA vaccine; MAP-CFA/IFA
(serogroup C)1E4X15GFSYYRPPWIL (Pep2C)[81]Peptide-proteasome
[N-propionyl derivative of CPS] [82]
Vibrio choleraeCapsular polysaccharide (serogroup O139)Vc1; Vc2; ICL12six libraries (X9, X12, X28 etc.)AEGEFSPGVWKAAFQGDKLPDPAK and so forth[83]Peptide-KLH/BSA
(serogroup O1) Ogawa serotypeS-20-4; A-20-6X12, X7, CX7CNHNYPPLSLLTF (4P-8)[84]Peptide-KLH/BSA; docking study
(serogroup O1) Ogawa and Inab serotypes72.1X12, X7, CX7CECLLLSKYCMPS (3ME-1); SMCMHGGAYCFP (3ME-2)[85]Peptide-KLH/BSA-CFA/IFA
Shigella flexneriO-antigen of lipopolysaccharide (serotype 5a)mIgAs C5; I3X9YKPLGALTH; KVPPWARTA[86]Phage vaccine
(serotype 2a) F22-4X12YLEDWIKYNNQK (B1)[19]X-ray analysis
Melanoma-associated chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan (MCSP)763.74X6VHINAH[87]Inhibition of MCSP binding
Entamoeba histolyticaGPI-linked proteophosphoglycan antigensEH5six libraries (X9, X12, X28 etc.)GTHPXL[88]Glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI); phage vaccine
Mycobacterium tuberculosisNeutral polysaccharidesX12QEPLMGTVPIRAGGGS (P1)[89]Peptide oligomer vaccine
Mycobacterium tuberculosisMannosylated lipoarabinomannanCS40X12ISLTEWSMWYRH (B11)[90]Peptide-KLH-adjuvants
Burkholderia pseudomalleiExopolysaccharide (EPS)3VIE5; 4VA5X12, X7, CX7CCYLPFQLSC; CHPLFDARC[91]Peptide-thyroglobulin
Brucella melitensis; Brucella abortus Lipopolysaccharide4F9; 11B2X9, X12,
CX9CX, X15
WTEIHDWEAAME[92]DNA vaccine
Staphylococcus aureusPeptidoglycanX12Sp-31[93]MAP vaccine

* BSA: bovine serum albumin; TT: tetanus toxoid; CFA: complete Freund’s adjuvant; IFA: incomplete Freund’s adjuvant.