The Effect of Lipoic Acid Therapy on Cognitive Functioning in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease

Table 2

Changes from baseline in clinical and metabolic features in patients of groups A and B at baseline (V1) and after 16 months of followup (V3) both groups.

	Baseline (0 month)		𝑃	V3 (16 months)		𝑃
	Group A; M (SD)	Group B		Group A; M (SD)	Group B
Adjusted for sex, hypercholesterolemia, ischemic heart disease, and hypertension
Fasting glycaemia (mg/dL)	129 (10)	66 (9.3)	.001	126 (11.4)	70 (8.6)	.02
Fasting insulinemia (UI/mL)	33 (8.7)	7.2 (2.2)	.001	15 (3.3)	6.1 (1.9)	.02
HOMA index	10.2 (4.2)	1.6 (0.8)	.001	4.8 (2.3)	1.1 (0.6)	.03
Triglycerides (mg/dL)	166 (35.8)	157 (33)	.23	159 (36)	155 (34)	.18
Serum lipid (mg/dL)	138.7 (24)	132.7 (32)	.18	134.7 (25.9)	135.6 (33)	.23
BMI	24.1 (2.6)	22.7 (3.1)	.09	24 (2.8)	23.8 (2.7)	.58
Waist circumference (cm)	81.5 (1.7)	80.7 (2.1)	.21	82 (2.1)	81.4 (2.9)	.22
Anti diabetic medication; n
(a) Hypoglicemic drugs	50	//	//	46	//	//
(b) Insuline + hypoglicemic drugs	3			3
(c) Insulin	6			11

Body mass index: BMI [Weight (kg)/height²(h²)]; Insulin resistance (IR) was calculated by the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) formula. HOMA index: basal glucose plasma (mg/dL) × basal insulin plasma (UI/mL)/405; differences between the proportions with insulin resistance ≥ 2.7 on the HOMA formula. Values are expressed as mean (SD) unless otherwise indicated. P value of 0.05 was considered statistically significant, after adjusting for confounding variables (sex, serum lipid, triglycerides, BMI, WC, ischemic heart disease, and hypertension).