Nicotine-Cadmium Interaction Alters Exploratory Motor Function and Increased Anxiety in Adult Male Mice

Figure 2

Concentration (mg/dL) of Na⁺, K⁺, and Ca²⁺ and cadmium in the blood. (a) Bar chart showing the level for Na⁺ in blood (mg/mL). An increase in Na⁺ was associated with cadmium treatment when compared with the control (). (b) An empirical increase in Ca²⁺ concentration was observed in the blood of the treatment groups when compared with the control (). (c) Concentration of K⁺ in blood; no significant change was seen in the K⁺ ion concentration after nicotine and (or) cadmium treatment. (d) Bar chart demonstrating the blood level of cadmium in the treatment groups and control. An increase in Cd²⁺ was observed in the nicotine-cadmium treatment versus the control ().

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