Enhanced Oxidative Stress and Physiological Damage in Daphnia magna by Copper in the Presence of Nano-TiO₂

Figure 5

Relationships of Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase activity with accumulated copper (a) and mortality (b) in D. magna after 3 d of exposure to Cu²⁺ at different concentrations in the absence and presence of 2 mg L⁻¹ nano-TiO₂. Mean ± standard deviation (𝑛=2).

(a)

(b)