Influence of TiO₂ Nanoparticles on Enhancement of Optoelectronic Properties of PFO-Based Light Emitting Diode

Table 1

Optoelectronic characteristics of pristine PFO and PFO/TiO₂ nanocomposite light-emitting diodes at various contents of the TiO₂ NPs.

Emissive layer	Max. luminance; (cd/m^2)	Luminance efficiency^a; (cd/A)	Turn-on voltage^b (V)	CIE coordinates^a		Current density^a; (mA/cm^2)
				𝑋	𝑌
Pristine PFO	30 at 31 V	0.044	18	0.332	0.486	68.6
5 wt.% TiO2	252 at 29 V	0.11	16	0.347	0.489	220.0
15 wt.% TiO2	232 at 25 V	0.06	14	0.373	0.500	373.2
25 wt.% TiO2	117 at 18 V	0.02	11	0.374	0.509	589.0
35 wt.% TiO2	7 at 16 V	0.0004	13	0.375	0.477	1783.6

aAt maximum luminance, ^bat luminance of 0.5 cd/m² as standard.