Improving the Osteoblast Cell Adhesion on Electron Beam Controlled TiO₂ Nanotubes

Figure 4

Number of cells adhesion on the fixed area of TiO₂ nanotube based on the scanning electron micrograph after cultivation of MC3T3-E1 osteoblast cell line for (a) 2 hr, (b) 12 hr, and (c) 24 hr.

(a)

(b)

(c)