Improving the Osteoblast Cell Adhesion on Electron Beam Controlled TiO₂ Nanotubes

Figure 6

XPS analysis of both untreated TiO₂ nanotube and TiO₂ nanotube irradiated with 5,000 kGy of electron beam. (a) O 1 s without irradiation, (b) O 1 s after irradiating with 5,000 kGy, (c) Ti 2p without irradiation, and (d) Ti 2p after irradiating with 5,000 kGy.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)