A Comparative Study of Er3+, Er3+-Eu3+, Er3+-Tb3+, and Er3+-Eu3+-Tb3+ Codoped Y2O3 Nanoparticles as Optical Heaters

<div>Upconversion emission spectra of Y2O3:Er3+ (red), Y2O3:Er3+-Tb3+ (black), Y2O3:Er3+-Eu3+ (orange), and Y2O3:Er3+-Eu3+-Tb3+ (blue) under 800 nm diode laser excitation with 500 mW laser power. The inset highlights the emission band at 611 nm.</div>

Journal of Nanomaterials

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Figure 7

Figure 7: A Comparative Study of Er3+, Er3+-Eu3+, Er3+-Tb3+, and Er3+-Eu3+-Tb3+ Codoped Y2O3 Nanoparticles as Optical Heaters