Recent Advances in FePt Nanoparticles for Biomedicine

Table 1

Cytotoxicity studies on FePt nanoparticles.

Material	Fe precursor	Surface coating	NP concentration	Cell line	Test	(h)	Toxicity	Reference
FePt-SiO2-A	Na2Fe(CO)4	SiO2 shell	200 μg/mL; ([Fe]: ~2 μg/mL)	A375M, MCF7, U2OS	MTS	168	: no loss	[42]
FePt-A	Na2Fe(CO)4	Cysteamine	30 μg/mL; ([Fe]: ~5.3 μg/mL)	A375M, MCF7, U2OS	MTS	168	: no loss	[42]
			60 μg/mL; ([Fe]: ~10.5 μg/mL)			72	: ~10% loss
FePt	Fe(CO)5	Cysteamine; conjugated with anti-Her2 antibody	[Fe]: 0.01–100 mM	Vero	MTT	24	: >90% (below 10 mM); : 75% (at 100 mM)	[21]
PEGylated FePt@Fe2O3	Fe(CO)5	Fe2O3 shell, PEG, FA	160 μg/mL	KB, HeLa,	MTT	24	No significant cytotoxicity	[47]
				HL 7702	LDH		No obvious cell membrane damage
FePt	Fe(CO)5	Folate-conjugated	5~100 μg/mL	EMT-6	MTT	24, 48	No adverse toxicity effects	[44]
SiW11O39-FePt	C10H14FeO4	Silicone-tungsten-oxide	0.015 mg/mL	Rat cortical brain astrocytes	Trypan blue exclusion, flow-cytometric annexin/PI apoptosis	24	: 80%,; : 5.4%	[49]
			0.25 mg/mL				: 23%,; : 28.5%
SiWxOy-FePt	C9H9FeO6	Hydrophilic; SiWxOy first shell	0.015 mg/mL	Rat cortical brain astrocytes	Trypan blue exclusion, flow-cytometric annexin/PI apoptosis	24	: 81%,; : 7.6%	[49]
			0.25 mg/mL				: 35.7%,; : 26.2%
FePt-Cys	FeCl2⋅H2O	L-Cysteine	100 μg/mL	ECV304, HEK293, L929	MTT	72	: ~110.2% (ECV304); : no obvious decrease (HEK293 or L929)	[50]
PEGylated FePt–Fe3O4 composite nanoassemblies (CNAs)	FeCl2⋅4H2O,	Fe3O4, PEGylated	2.0 mg mL^−1	L929, HeLa	SRB assay	24	Low cytotoxicity to L929; over 20% of HeLa cells died	[51]

NP is nanoparticle; is the incubation time; [Fe] is the Fe concentration; is the cell damage; is the cell viability; is the cell apoptosis.