New Insights into Benzene Hydrocarbon Decomposition from Fuel Exhaust Using Self-Support Ray Polarization Plasma with Nano-TiO<sub>2</sub>

<div>Relationship between electric field strength (<i>E</i>) and CO<sub>2</sub> and CO concentration with or without catalyst (<i>C</i><sub>0</sub> = 600 mg/m<sup>3</sup>,<i> E</i> = 12 kV/cm, and <svg height="12.4535pt" id="M29" style="vertical-align:-3.16517pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -9.28833 77.0011 12.4535" width="77.0011pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M219 86C216 168 211 250 206 337C201 410 189 448 163 448C131 448 79 396 43 344L60 322C91 359 110 375 118 375S132 358 136 298C141 238 152 81 155 -12H182C242 62 331 177 390 258C435 321 451 360 451 391C450 424 432 448 408 448C390 448 372 435 366 419C362 410 362 401 366 394C373 383 376 367 376 350C376 283 262 138 221 86H219Z" id="g185-40"></path><glyph.data ascent="989" descent="-303" horiz-adv-x="447" vert-adv-y="447"></glyph.data></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,5.811,3.001)"><path d="M700 305H441V272C542 264 548 258 548 186V107C548 64 536 53 516 42C493 30 462 24 429 24C237 24 151 189 151 333C151 517 264 626 415 626C507 626 585 594 609 470L642 476C634 544 629 601 626 636C594 644 513 665 429 665C234 665 46 554 46 321C46 123 194 -15 415 -15C495 -15 578 7 642 22C635 50 635 81 635 116V201C635 259 639 264 700 272V305Z" id="g58-69"></path><glyph.data ascent="1007" descent="-369" horiz-adv-x="725" vert-adv-y="725"></glyph.data></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,12.408,3.001)"><path d="M442 39L431 68C420 63 406 57 394 57C377 57 359 71 359 118V301C359 353 349 393 314 424C291 443 261 451 230 451C171 438 107 401 79 381C59 366 46 355 46 340C46 316 72 295 91 295C106 295 117 303 122 319C131 350 139 371 152 384C163 397 178 404 197 404C246 404 281 365 281 293V278C260 262 186 232 124 213C69 194 41 161 41 112C41 47 92 -12 163 -12C195 -12 243 25 283 51C288 35 293 22 308 7C319 -4 339 -12 354 -12L442 39ZM281 87C262 68 226 51 199 51C169 51 129 74 129 126C129 162 151 181 190 198C211 208 259 229 281 240V87Z" id="g58-95"></path><glyph.data ascent="1007" descent="-369" horiz-adv-x="449" vert-adv-y="449"></glyph.data></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,16.467,3.001)"><path d="M327 325C324 350 312 408 304 433C283 442 256 451 213 451C120 451 59 391 59 320C59 243 125 210 188 181C237 158 266 136 266 93C266 52 231 24 195 24C134 24 93 81 74 148L42 143C42 106 51 37 59 23C78 8 125 -12 177 -12C257 -12 345 35 345 127C345 198 292 234 216 264C171 283 131 305 131 348C131 387 156 416 195 416C243 416 277 378 297 317L327 325Z" id="g58-113"></path><glyph.data ascent="1007" descent="-369" horiz-adv-x="376" vert-adv-y="376"></glyph.data></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,24.115,0)"><path d="M556 331V384H55V331H556ZM556 140V193H55V140H556Z" id="g54-34"></path><glyph.data ascent="3443" descent="-2856" horiz-adv-x="611" vert-adv-y="611"></glyph.data></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,35.733,0)"><path d="M389 0V32C297 38 291 46 291 118V635C234 613 175 595 109 583V556L161 554C203 552 207 547 207 497V118C207 46 201 38 110 32V0H389Z" id="g50-50"></path><glyph.data ascent="3443" descent="-2856" horiz-adv-x="487" vert-adv-y="487"></glyph.data></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,42.064,0)"><path d="M245 635C92 635 37 457 37 312C37 149 91 -12 244 -12C395 -12 449 166 449 312C449 469 395 635 245 635ZM243 598C332 598 358 454 358 312C358 173 334 26 245 26C158 26 128 174 128 313S152 598 243 598Z" id="g50-49"></path><glyph.data ascent="3443" descent="-2856" horiz-adv-x="487" vert-adv-y="487"></glyph.data></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,48.395,0)"><path d="M245 635C92 635 37 457 37 312C37 149 91 -12 244 -12C395 -12 449 166 449 312C449 469 395 635 245 635ZM243 598C332 598 358 454 358 312C358 173 334 26 245 26C158 26 128 174 128 313S152 598 243 598Z" id="g50-49"></path><glyph.data ascent="3443" descent="-2856" horiz-adv-x="487" vert-adv-y="487"></glyph.data></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,56.932,0)"><path d="M499 166C484 119 466 88 447 68C424 43 390 38 338 38C297 38 262 40 242 51C223 62 218 80 218 133V522C218 607 226 612 309 617V650H41V617C124 612 131 605 131 522V129C131 45 123 38 38 33V0H497C505 30 529 128 534 160L499 166Z" id="g58-74"></path><glyph.data ascent="1007" descent="-369" horiz-adv-x="548" vert-adv-y="548"></glyph.data></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,64.056,0)"><path d="M381 704H317L48 -163H112L381 704Z" id="g50-48"></path><glyph.data ascent="3443" descent="-2856" horiz-adv-x="429" vert-adv-y="429"></glyph.data></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,69.638,0)"><path d="M522 0V30C462 35 455 41 455 106V280C455 397 397 451 314 451C262 451 206 414 171 379V710C131 698 69 682 20 675V647C87 642 90 637 90 574V106C90 41 80 35 20 30V0H236V30C176 35 171 43 171 106V339C198 371 237 391 276 391C341 391 374 350 374 269V106C374 43 367 35 308 30V0H522Z" id="g58-102"></path><glyph.data ascent="1007" descent="-369" horiz-adv-x="544" vert-adv-y="544"></glyph.data></g></svg>). (a) CO<sub>2</sub> concentration without catalyst, (b) CO<sub>2</sub> concentration with catalyst, (c) CO concentration without catalyst, and (d) CO concentration with catalyst.</div>

Journal of Nanomaterials

fig10

Figure 10

Figure 10: New Insights into Benzene Hydrocarbon Decomposition from Fuel Exhaust Using Self-Support Ray Polarization Plasma with Nano-TiO<sub>2</sub> 

Journal of Nanomaterials

New Insights into Benzene Hydrocarbon Decomposition from Fuel Exhaust Using Self-Support Ray Polarization Plasma with Nano-TiO2

Figure 10

New Insights into Benzene Hydrocarbon Decomposition from Fuel Exhaust Using Self-Support Ray Polarization Plasma with Nano-TiO₂