Enhanced Hydrophilicity and Protein Adsorption of Titanium Surface by Sodium Bicarbonate Solution

Table 3

Roughness measurements of the untreated and NaHCO₃-treated machined and SLA surfaces (mean ± SD, , μm).

Modification	Machined				SLA
	Untreated	0.15 ± 0.02	1.37 ± 0.19	0.20 ± 0.02	2.39 ± 0.29	2.04 ± 0.16	9.16 ± 1.33	2.58 ± 0.18	21.91 ± 3.55
NaHCO3-treated	0.14 ± 0.02	1.27 ± 0.15	0.19 ± 0.02	2.48 ± 0.26	2.09 ± 0.14	9.96 ± 1.66	2.65 ± 0.16	23.38 ± 3.57
values	0.108	0.123	0.258	0.356	0.335	0.145	0.264	0.249