Effects of Adding Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes on Performance of Polyvinyl Acetate and Urea-Formaldehyde Adhesives in Tropical Timber Species

Table 4

Moisture content and percentage of wood failure in shear test of PVAc and UF wood adhesive adding different concentrations of MWCNTs-OH.

Species	MWCNTs (wt.%)	Moisture content (%)				Percentage of wood failure
		PVAc adhesive		UF adhesive		PVAc adhesive		UF adhesive
		Dry	Wet	Dry	Wet	Dry	Wet	Dry	Wet
Acacia mangium	0.00	11.5A	32.6A	12.4A	35.7A	72.7A	4.3A	32.2A	19.5A
	0.05	11.7A	32.8A	12.4A	31.7B	26.3B	0.0A	36.5B	34.0B
	0.10	12.1A	31.6A	12.4A	31.7B	31.4B	27.3B	43.0C	34.0B
Cedrela odorata	0.00	10.8A	31.0A	12.7A	28.0A	66.5A	0.0A	30.7A	27.8A
	0.05	11.5A	32.0A	12.6A	29.3A	70.3A	0.0A	27.8A	6.7B
	0.10	12.5A	30.9A	12.3A	29.8A	68.3A	8.3B	49.1B	9.4B
Cordia alliodora	0.00	10.5A	32.5A	12.7A	32.8A	81.3A	1.5A	38.9A	31.0A
	0.05	11.4A	26.9B	11.7A	33.0A	68.5B	6.9B	41.9A	32.7A
	0.10	9.9A	25.7B	12.1A	31.3A	68.5B	15.4C	61.9B	32.6A
Enterolobium cyclocarpum	0.00	10.8A	40.4A	11.7A	41.4A	76.6A	84.8A	59.6A	41.0A
	0.05	10.4A	42.3A	11.4A	42.4A	97.7B	37.8B	55.7A	55.0B
	0.10	10.3A	41.6A	11.3A	42.3A	89.0C	54.8C	53.3A	52.7B
Gmelina arborea	0.00	10.0A	20.5A	12.3A	26.1A	52.6A	9.1A	2.6A	3.6A
	0.05	10.0A	21.6A	11.9A	23.4B	4.8B	1.0B	1.3A	2.1A
	0.10	10.7A	22.0A	11.5A	22.5B	0.0B	0.2B	0.8A	2.0A
Goethalsia meiantha	0.00	9.8A	38.1A	12.3A	39.1A	37.5A	15.4A	55.7A	60.6A
	0.05	9.7A	38.8A	11.8A	38.5A	93.3B	75.5B	41.8B	33.2B
	0.10	10.5A	39.2A	11.7A	37.0A	96.0B	69.2B	19.0C	52.2C
Ochroma pyramidale	0.00	10.8A	65.1A	12.2A	57.1A	99.6A	1.3A	68.2A	48.8A
	0.05	11.3A	58.0B	11.0A	58.8A	44.0B	44.0B	68.7A	52.4A
	0.10	11.7A	58.5B	11.8A	50.7B	69.9C	14.2B	73.2A	80.8B
Tectona grandis	0.00	10.9A	23.1A	12.0A	26.0A	16.7A	0.0A	8.0A	10.1A
	0.05	11.9A	25.1A	12.2A	26.1A	27.7B	0.0A	12.1B	10.0A
	0.10	11.9A	24.0A	12.0A	27.0A	21.6B	0.0A	13.5B	9.7A
Vochysia ferruginea	0.00	10.2A	32.7A	11.7A	32.1A	38.5A	50.0A	53.5A	37.3A
	0.05	10.5A	30.9A	10.6A	33.5A	55.0B	81.3B	79.1B	36.0A
	0.10	11.7A	32.1A	10.8A	32.5A	56.3B	78.7B	76.9B	56.6A