Improved Adhesion of Nonfluorinated ZnO Nanotriangle Superhydrophobic Layer on Glass Surface by Spray-Coating Method

Table 1

A summary of various nanoparticles used for superhydrophobic glass coating.

Nanoparticle (shape, diameter)	Binder	Hydrophobic agent	Method	WCA (°)	SA (°)	Adhesion	Stability	Ref
SiO2 (nanosphere, 16–20 nm)	N/A	TEOS, PDMS	Spray coating, and calcined at 300°C	153	2	N/A	N/A	[16]
TiO2 (nanosphere, 30 nm)	N/A	TEOS	Spray coating	155	3	N/A	N/A	[17]
ZnO (Hexagonal, 100–150 nm)	N/A	PDMS	Spray coating	155	<5	N/A	N/A	[31]
ZnO (hexagonal, 50–200 nm)	N/A	Stearic acid	CVD ZnO, calcined at 120°C	162	<2	N/A	N/A	[34]
ZnO (hexagonal, 100–150 nm)	N/A	Stearic acid	Spray coating	152	<5	N/A	N/A	[19]
SiO2 (nanosphere, 10 nm)	Ethyl alpha-cyanoaacrylate	HMDS	Spray coating	157	N/A	Abrasion test, WCA decreased to 150°	N/A	[47]
ZnO (NA)	Epoxy resin	PMMA	Spray coating	158	<5	N/A	WCA is decreased to 155° after 90 days at ambient condition	[48]
Colloidal Zinc hydroxide (rod, 250–500 nm)	Matrix of TEOS and methyltriethoxysilane (MTEOS)	Stearic acid	Spray coating and heat treatment at 400°C	165	<5	Tape peeling test, the contact angle decreased to 159°	N/A	[20]
SiO2 (nanosphere, 5–30 nm)	Epoxy resin	PDMS	Spray coating	156	N/A	Tape peeling test, no changes in contact angle	N/A	[15]