Antibacterial Activity of Reduced Graphene Oxide

Table 1

Literature summary of RGO effects on different bacterial species.

Bacteria	Evaluation method	RGO concentrations (μg/mL)	Effects
E. coli [10]	Cell viability	40	Growth inhibition
Pseudomonas aeruginosa [24]	Growth profile; Cell viability; ROS generation; DNA fragmentation	25, 50, 75, 100, 125, 150,; 175, 200	Growth inhibition
E. coli; Staphylococcus aureus [9]	Cell viability; RNA concentration	Growth monitored on RGO surface	Growth inhibition
E. coli [23]	Cell viability; ROS generation; DNA fragmentation	25, 50, 75, 100, 125, 150	Growth inhibition
E. coli [8]	Cell viability; ATP assay	85	Growth inhibition
S. aureus; P. aeruginosa [25]	Growth curve; Nucleic acid leakage; ROS generation; SEM images	1000, 2000, 3000	Growth inhibition
E. coli [12]	Cell viability; ROS generation	40	Growth inhibition
E. coli; S. aureus [26]	Growth curve; Biofilm quantification; ROS generation	0.5, 5, 10, 50, 100, 250, 500	Growth and biofilm inhibition
Soil bacterial community [27]	Bacterial 16S rRNA gene; Analysis	0.001, 1, 1000 μg; Per kg soil	Altered bacterial community composition in comparison to the no-treatment control; Alpha diversity, depicting the number of taxonomic groups in a microbial community, was not altered
E. coli [28]	Cell viability	1000 μg/mL	No growth inhibition
Bacillus subtilis; P. aeruginosa [29]	RGO integrated in solid agar	0.01–0.08%	Growth inhibition
B. subtilis; E. coli [30]	Agar well diffusion	100, 400, 800 μg/mL	Growth inhibition
E. coli; S. aureus [31]	Agar well diffusion	10000 μg/well	Growth inhibition