Research Article
[Retracted] Experimental Investigation of Spirulina Microalgae Biodiesel with Metal Nanoadditive on Single-Cylinder Diesel Engine
Table 3
Properties of biodiesel and biodiesel with different concentrations of nanoadditives.
| Fuel properties | Test method | B20 | Biodiesel with nanoparticle | B20+25 | B20+50 | B20+75 | B20+100 |
| Specific gravity | ASTM D891 | 0.843 | 0.852 | 0.858 | 0.863 | 0.868 | Kinematic viscosity (mm2/s) | ASTM D445 | 2.41 | 2.46 | 2.53 | 3.01 | 3.03 | Flash point (°C) | ASTM D93 | 87 | 85 | 76 | 74 | 71 | Calorific value (kJ/kg) | EN 14214 | 41154 | 41234 | 41523 | 41656 | 41754 | Pour point (°C) | ASTM D97-12 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 1 |
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