The Aptamer Functionalized Nanocomposite Used for Prostate Cancer Diagnosis and Therapy

Table 3

Summary of aptamer-conjugated nanomaterials for cancer diagnosis/therapy.

Nanoparticles	Category	Aptamer	Application
Carbon nanostructures (nanotube, graphene)	Organic	The anti-PSMA specific RNA aptamer, AS1411	Bioimaging [45], biosensing, drug delivery [46]
Polymeric nanocarriers (dendrimers, polymeric micelles)	Organic	A10; A10-3.2	Drug delivery [47], molecular imaging [48], gene therapy [49]
Lipid-based nanocarriers (liposomes)	Organic	A10; A10-3.2	Drug delivery, molecular imaging [50], gene therapy [51],
Magnetic nanoparticles	Inorganic	A10; A10-3-J1; MA3	MRI [52], MIH [53], drug delivery
Silica-based nanoparticles	Inorganic	The anti-PSA specific DNA aptamer	Multimodal bioimaging, drug release, PDT, biosensing [54]
Semiconductor nanoparticles (QDs)	Inorganic	The MUC1 aptamer-(CGA)7/S3.1/S2.2	Bioimaging, biosensing, and drug delivery [55]
Plasmonic nanocarriers (gold nanospheres, nanorods)	Inorganic	A9; Sgc8c; CSC1/CSC13	Bioimaging [56], PTT [57, 58], plasmonic sensors, gene therapy

MIH: magnetic induced hyperthermia; PDT: photodynamic therapy; PTT: photothermal therapy.