Fundamentally, nanotechnology is dependent on the existence or the supply of new nanomaterials that form the prerequisite for any further progress in this new and interdisciplinary area of science and technology. Evidently, nanomaterials feature specific properties that are characteristic of this class of materials and which are based on surface and quantum effects. Clearly, the control of composition, size, shape, and morphology of nanomaterials is an essential cornerstone for the development and application of nanomaterials and nanoscale devices. The complex functions of nanomaterials in devices and systems require further advancement in the preparation and modification of nanomaterials. Such advanced nanomaterials have attracted tremendous interest during recent years and will form the basis for further progress in this area. Thus, this special issue provides a detailed account of the present status of nanomaterials and highlights the recent developments which cover the novel and important aspects of these materials and their biological applications. It also presents emerging developments in nanotechnology in particular their application in biology and medicine.

With immense pleasure, we invite you to submit a manuscript for this special issue. Full papers, communications, and reviews are welcome.

Potential topics include but are not limited to the following:

• Drug and gene delivery
• Fluorescent biological labels
• Detection of proteins
• Probing of DNA structure
• Biodetection of pathogens
• Tissue engineering
• Tumor destruction via heating (hyperthermia)
• Nanomaterials as anticancer
• Phagokinetic studies
• MRI contrast enhancement
• Separation and purification of biological molecules
• Porous materials and their applications
• Carbon based nanomaterials
• Recent advances in two-dimensional nanomaterials
• Advances in nanobiotechnology
• Polymer nanocomposites for medical applications
• Green preparation of nanomaterials and applications
• 0D-3D nanostructures and their properties relationship
• Nanoceramics for medical applications
• Thin films in joint treatments