Nanomaterials with unique properties are widely used in modern analytical chemistry. Significant advances in nanotechnology have paved the way for the introduction of a large number of new materials and devices with desirable properties for numerous applications. Biomolecule-immobilized microscale systems present promising potential for analysis based on their reduced reagent consumption, improved analysis speed, automated processing, and high throughput. To increase biomolecule binding capacity, improve biomolecule activity and stability, enhance renewability, and develop easy-to-operate procedures, strategies utilizing nanomaterials are attracting increasing attention.

Various nanomaterials, including carbon, gold, and silica nanoparticles, and metal-oxide nanomaterials have been used to prepare state-of-the-art DNA-, protein-, and polysaccharide-immobilized microscale systems. However, the main challenge is to better understand the mechanisms of application of nanomaterials to improve device performance. In the field of analysis, choosing suitable nanomaterials for fabricating novel analytical devices is a key research area for studying the above-mentioned challenges. It is also a rapid and reliable way to accelerate research development. One interesting application of nanomaterials is to fabricate DNA-immobilized microscale systems. For instance, a nanomaterial-based strategy is an innovative method for the preparation of DNA aptamer-immobilized capillaries, and gold nanoparticles have been utilized to integrate DNA into capillary- and microchip-based microsystems. The obtained DNA-immobilized microscale systems display desirable performance for affinity analysis and enantioseparation. Protein immobilization is a promising technique for improving protein characteristics, such as stability, activity, and renewability. In addition to gold nanoparticles, various nanomaterials including graphene, polystyrene nanoparticles, poly(glycidyl methacrylate) nanoparticles, and silica nanoparticles also exhibit specific advantages for developing protein-immobilized microscale systems. Nanomaterials provide a satisfactory alternative for developing serum albumin-, antibody-, and enzyme-immobilized microscale systems. For the development of polysaccharide-immobilized microscale systems, nanomaterial-based strategies are a new way of improving chiral separation ability. These proposed biomolecule-immobilized microscale systems have great potential in the field of bioanalysis and pharmaceutical analysis.

The aim of this Special Issue is to collate original research articles providing valuable input on nanomaterial design for the fabrication of DNA-, protein-, and polysaccharide-immobilized microscale systems. Submissions focusing on the development of novel capillary- and microchip-based systems and the improvement of current technologies are also encouraged. Moreover, we hope that this Special Issue increases our understanding of nanotechnology. Review articles discussing the state of the art are also welcome.

Potential topics include but are not limited to the following:

• Nanomaterials for fabricating DNA aptamer-immobilized microscale systems
• Nanomaterials for fabricating serum albumin-immobilized microscale systems
• Nanomaterials for fabricating antibody-immobilized microscale systems
• Nanomaterials for fabricating enzyme-immobilized microscale systems
• Nanomaterials for fabricating polysaccharide-immobilized microscale systems
• Biomolecule-immobilized microscale systems for bioanalysis
• Biomolecule-immobilized microscale systems for pharmaceutical analysis
• Nanomaterials for bioanalysis and pharmaceutical analysis