Yue Li

Bingqiang Cao

Fengqiang Sun

Sung Oh Cho

Micro/Nanostructured Arrays: Fabrication, Applications, and Devices

The surface plasmon resonance (SPR) of periodic hexagonal lattice arrays of silver nano-disks positioned on glass slides is studied using finite-difference time domain (FDTD) simulations. We investigate numerically the influence of diameter of nano-disks and the gap between nano-disks on SPR transmission spectra and electric field enhancement. We find a strong dependence of resonance wavelength on diameter of the nanodisks. With increasing the gap, electric field enhancement factor could significantly increase and reach a maximum value, which indicates that a special long-range interaction plays an important role. This study is useful for optical modulation applied in near or far field optics, sensing and data storage, and solar cell.

Jinlian Hu

Cong Wang

Shikuan Yang

Fei Zhou

Zhigang Li

Caixia Kan

Surface Plasmon Resonance in Periodic Hexagonal Lattice Arrays of Silver Nanodisks

Multifunctional logic gate devices consisting of a nanodot array are studied from the viewpoint of single electronics. In a nanodot array, the dots come in a random variety of sizes, which sometimes has a negative effect on the performance of electrical device applications. Here, this feature is used in a positive sense to achieve higher functionality in the form of flexible logic gates with low power consumption in which the variability of logic functions is guaranteed. Nanodot arrays with two input gates and one control gate in a variety of arrangements are considered, in which the two-input logic functions (such as NAND, NOR, or exclusive-OR (XOR) gates) are selected by changing the voltage applied to the control gate. To ensure the flexibility of the device, it is important to guarantee the performance with any one of the six important logic functions: NAND, AND, NOR, OR, XOR, and XNOR. We ran a selection simulation using a nanodot array consisting of six nanodots with different dot arrangements to clarify the relation between the variability of the logic functions and the dot arrangements.

Yasuo Takahashi

Shinichiro Ueno

Masashi Arita

Multifunctional Logic Gate by Means of Nanodot Array with Different Arrangements

We review recent advances in optical and magnetooptical (MO) scatterometry applied to periodically ordered nanostructures such as periodically patterned lines, wires, dots, or holes. The techniques are based on spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE), either in the basic or generalized modes, Mueller matrix polarimetry, and MO spectroscopy mainly based on MO Kerr effect measurements. We briefly present experimental setups, commonly used theoretical approaches, and experimental results obtained by SE and MO spectroscopic analyses of various samples. The reviewed analyses are mainly related to monitoring optical critical dimensions such as
the widths, depths, and periods of the patterned elements, their real shapes, and their line edge or linewidth roughness. We also discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the optical spectroscopic techniques compared to direct monitoring techniques.

Martin Veis

Roman Antos

Advances in Optical and Magnetooptical Scatterometry of Periodically Ordered Nanostructured Arrays

This study investigates the effect of liquid gallium (Ga) on metal foils made of titanium (Ti), niobium (Nb), and molybdenum (Mo). The Ti, Nb, and Mo foils were heated in liquid Ga at 120&#xb0;C for a maximum of two weeks. After heating, the changes in the morphology and the chemical composition of the metal foils were analyzed by using a field emission scanning electron microscope, energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometer, X-ray diffractometer, and X-ray photoelectron spectrometer. The results of the analysis indicated that the Nb foil showed the minimum adhesion of liquid Ga to the surface while the maximum amount of liquid Ga was observed to adhere to the Ti foil. In addition, the Nb foil was oxidized and the Mo foil was reduced during the heating process. Considering these effects, we conclude that Mo may be used as an alternative encapsulation material for Ga in addition to Nb, which is used as the conventional encapsulation material, due to its chemical resistance against oxidation in hot liquid Ga.

Eun Je Lee

Min Goo Hur

Jeong Mun Son

Jeong Hoon Park

Seung Dae Yang

Effect of Liquid Ga on Metal Surfaces: Characterization of Morphology and Chemical Composition of Metals Heated in Liquid Ga

We present an electrochemical route to synthesize silver nanoplates on seed-decorated Indium tin oxide (ITO) glass substrate. The nanoplates are several tens of to several hundred nanometers in dimension. The density of nanoplates covered on the substrate can be controlled well by adjusting the amounts of seed. All the nanoplates are standing on the substrate uniformly even at very high density. Silver nanoplate arrays displayed an extraordinary superhydrophobicity after chemical modification and can serve as highly active surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrates for microdetection. The arrays can also be used as electrodes for electrochemical capacitor with high power density.

Guangqiang Liu

Guotao Duan

Lichao Jia

Jingjing Wang

Hongzhi Wang

Weiping Cai

Fabrication of Self-Standing Silver Nanoplate Arrays by Seed-Decorated Electrochemical Route and Their Structure-Induced Properties

We have developed nitrogen-doped <svg     style="vertical-align:-3.27605pt;width:32.512501px;" id="M1" height="15.675" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 32.512501 15.675" width="32.512501"  xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
	
		
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			<g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,26.125,15.613)"><path id="x32" d="M412 140l28 -9q0 -2 -35 -131h-373v23q112 112 161 170q59 70 92 127t33 115q0 63 -31 98t-86 35q-75 0 -137 -93l-22 20l57 81q55 59 135 59q69 0 118.5 -46.5t49.5 -122.5q0 -62 -29.5 -114t-102.5 -130l-141 -149h186q42 0 58.5 10.5t38.5 56.5z" /></g>

		
	
</svg> nanotubes showing photocatalytic activity in the visible light region and have investigated the triggered release of antibiotics from these nanotubes in response to remote visible light irradiation. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations indicated that the structure of <svg     style="vertical-align:-3.27605pt;width:32.512501px;" id="M2" height="15.675" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 32.512501 15.675" width="32.512501"  xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
	
		
			<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,11.537)"><use xlink:href="#x54"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,8.868,11.537)"><use xlink:href="#x69"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,13.424,11.537)"><use xlink:href="#x4F"/></g>

			<g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,26.125,15.613)"><use xlink:href="#x32"/></g>

		
	
</svg> nanotubes was not destroyed on the conditions of 0.05 and 0.1&#x2009;M diethanolamine treatment. The results of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) confirmed that nitrogen, in the forms of nitrite (<svg     style="vertical-align:-3.27605pt;width:39.275002px;" id="M3" height="15.7" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 39.275002 15.7" width="39.275002"  xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
	
		
			<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,11.55)"><path id="x4E" d="M719 650v-28q-43 -2 -62 -15t-22 -44q-6 -47 -6 -169v-403h-31l-426 524h-2v-251q0 -111 6 -169q4 -37 24 -50.5t72 -16.5v-28h-237v28q45 2 64.5 16t23.5 49q6 62 6 171v220q0 54 -3 68.5t-17 32.5q-16 19 -34.5 26.5t-54.5 10.5v28h147l418 -502h3v246q0 117 -7 166&#xA;q-4 34 -24.5 47t-73.5 15v28h236z" /></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,12.574,11.55)"><use xlink:href="#x4F"/></g>

			<g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,25.275,15.637)"><use xlink:href="#x32"/></g><g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,31.6,3.4)"><path id="x2212" d="M535 230h-483v50h483v-50z" /></g>

		
	
</svg>) and nitrogen monoxide (NO), had been incorporated into the <svg     style="vertical-align:-3.27605pt;width:32.512501px;" id="M4" height="15.675" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 32.512501 15.675" width="32.512501"  xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
	
		
			<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,11.537)"><use xlink:href="#x54"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,8.868,11.537)"><use xlink:href="#x69"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,13.424,11.537)"><use xlink:href="#x4F"/></g>

			<g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,26.125,15.613)"><use xlink:href="#x32"/></g>

		
	
</svg> nanotube surface. A drug-release test revealed that the antibiotic-loaded <svg     style="vertical-align:-3.27605pt;width:32.512501px;" id="M5" height="15.675" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 32.512501 15.675" width="32.512501"  xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
	
		
			<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,11.537)"><use xlink:href="#x54"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,8.868,11.537)"><use xlink:href="#x69"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,13.424,11.537)"><use xlink:href="#x4F"/></g>

			<g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,26.125,15.613)"><use xlink:href="#x32"/></g>

		
	
</svg> nanotubes showed sustained and prolonged drug elution with the help of polylactic acid. Visible light irradiation tests showed that the antibiotic release from nitrogen-doped <svg     style="vertical-align:-3.27605pt;width:32.512501px;" id="M6" height="15.675" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 32.512501 15.675" width="32.512501"  xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
	
		
			<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,11.537)"><use xlink:href="#x54"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,8.868,11.537)"><use xlink:href="#x69"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,13.424,11.537)"><use xlink:href="#x4F"/></g>

			<g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,26.125,15.613)"><use xlink:href="#x32"/></g>

		
	
</svg> nanotubes was significantly higher than that from pure <svg     style="vertical-align:-3.27605pt;width:32.512501px;" id="M7" height="15.675" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 32.512501 15.675" width="32.512501"  xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
	
		
			<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,11.537)"><use xlink:href="#x54"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,8.868,11.537)"><use xlink:href="#x69"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,13.424,11.537)"><use xlink:href="#x4F"/></g>

			<g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,26.125,15.613)"><use xlink:href="#x32"/></g>

		
	
</svg> nanotubes (<svg     style="vertical-align:-0.1638pt;width:58.712502px;" id="M8" height="11.375" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 58.712502 11.375" width="58.712502"  xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
	
		
			<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,11.112)"><path id="x1D443" d="M619 482q0 -69 -40.5 -119t-96 -72.5t-118.5 -26.5h-44l-70 20l-31 -151q-14 -67 0.5 -83t89.5 -22l-5 -28h-287l8 28q65 7 81.5 22t29.5 83l79 398q12 56 0.5 70.5t-78.5 20.5l7 28h255q108 0 164 -43t56 -125zM524 478q0 141 -146 141q-25 0 -47 -8q-16 -6 -20.5 -13.5&#xA;t-10.5 -39.5l-43 -241q37 -13 83 -13q67 0 125.5 45t58.5 129z" /></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,15.582,11.112)"><path id="x3C" d="M512 -3l-437 233v51l437 233v-58l-378 -200v-2l378 -199v-58z" /></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,30.286,11.112)"><path id="x30" d="M241 635q53 0 94 -28.5t63.5 -76t33.5 -102.5t11 -116q0 -58 -11 -112.5t-34 -103.5t-63.5 -78.5t-94.5 -29.5t-95 28t-64.5 75t-34.5 102.5t-11 118.5q0 58 11.5 112.5t34.5 103t64.5 78t95.5 29.5zM238 602q-32 0 -55.5 -25t-35.5 -68t-17.5 -91t-5.5 -105&#xA;q0 -76 10 -138.5t37 -107.5t69 -45q32 0 55.5 25t35.5 68.5t17.5 91.5t5.5 105t-5.5 105.5t-18 92t-36 68t-56.5 24.5z" /></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,38.446,11.112)"><path id="x2E" d="M113 -12q-24 0 -39.5 16t-15.5 42q0 24 16 40.5t40 16.5t40 -16.5t16 -40.5q0 -26 -16 -42t-41 -16z" /></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,42.321,11.112)"><use xlink:href="#x30"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,50.481,11.112)"><path id="x35" d="M153 550l-26 -186q79 31 111 31q90 0 141.5 -51t51.5 -119q0 -93 -89 -166q-85 -69 -173 -71q-32 0 -61.5 11.5t-41.5 23.5q-18 17 -17 34q2 16 22 33q14 9 26 -1q61 -50 124 -50q60 0 93 43.5t33 104.5q0 69 -41.5 110t-121.5 41q-53 0 -102 -20l38 305h286l6 -8&#xA;l-26 -65h-233z" /></g>

		
	
</svg>).

Seunghan Oh

Kyung-Suk Moon

Joo-Hee Moon

Ji-Myung Bae

Sungho Jin

Visible Light Irradiation-Mediated Drug Elution Activity of Nitrogen-Doped TiO<sub>2</sub> Nanotubes

Eu-doped ZnO nanorod ordered array thin films were synthesized on glass substrates with a ZnO seed layer via hydrothermal method. XRD reveals that the (002) diffraction peak of films annealed in hydrogen is sharper than that annealed in air. SEM reveals that the nanorods of films annealed in hydrogen are shortened and widened. TEM results demonstrate that the nanorods are single crystalline and the lattice spacing of 0.52&#x2009;nm agrees with the <svg     style="vertical-align:-0.1638pt;width:9.5625px;" id="M1" height="12.4375" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 9.5625 12.4375" width="9.5625"  xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
	
		
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</svg> spacing of (001) crystal planes along <svg     style="vertical-align:-0.1638pt;width:7.0250001px;" id="M2" height="7.9499998" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 7.0250001 7.9499998" width="7.0250001"  xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
	
		
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</svg>-axis. Room temperature photoluminescence (PL)
reveals that the PL of films annealed in hydrogen is the strongest and shifts to lower
wavenumber. The point defect of Eu-doped ZnO nanorod array thin film is transferred from
<svg     style="vertical-align:-3.27605pt;width:16.637501px;" id="M3" height="15.5125" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 16.637501 15.5125" width="16.637501"  xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
	
		
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</svg> to <svg     style="vertical-align:-3.27605pt;width:27.299999px;" id="M4" height="15.5125" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 27.299999 15.5125" width="27.299999"  xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
	
		
			<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,11.363)"><use xlink:href="#x4F"/></g>

			<g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,12.763,15.45)"><path id="x5A" d="M561 176l29 -6q-25 -130 -36 -170h-517l-8 15l420 599h-173q-77 0 -102 -7t-39 -29q-19 -29 -35 -87l-29 1q9 111 12 183h24q9 -16 19 -20.5t34 -4.5h399l7 -14l-413 -594q48 -6 163 -6q94 0 131.5 7.5t58.5 29.5q28 29 55 103z" /></g><g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,20.092,15.45)"><path id="x6E" d="M524 0h-209v26q44 5 55 18t11 65v167q0 114 -91 114q-50 0 -109 -51v-235q0 -50 10 -61.5t55 -16.5v-26h-217v26q51 5 62 17t11 61v206q0 47 -9.5 58.5t-50.5 19.5v23q82 15 139 40v-79l67 47q47 30 83 30q60 0 94.5 -40t34.5 -112v-193q0 -50 10 -61.5t54 -16.5v-26z&#xA;" /></g>

		
	
</svg> by annealing in hydrogen.

Wen-Wu Zhong

Da-Wei Guan

Yue-Lin Liu

Li Zhang

Yan-Ping Liu

Zhi-Gang Li

Wei-Ping Chen

Effect of Annealing on the Structure and Photoluminescence of Eu-Doped ZnO Nanorod Ordered Array Thin Films

Small tip-type CNT emitters with the diameter of 0.8&#x2009;mm were fabricated for miniaturized X-ray tubes. The CNT emitters were prepared by dropping CNTs and silver nanoparticles on a flat surface of a W metal tip followed by annealing at 800&#xb0;C for 2&#x2009;h under vacuum. The CNT emitters exhibit good field emission properties with the threshold electric field of 1.15&#x2009;V/<i>&#x3bc;</i>m and the field enhancement factor of 12,050. CNTs were well attached to a flat W tip surface without coating on the side plane of the tip, and thus beam divergence could be minimized. Consequently, a miniaturized X-ray tube with the inner diameter of 5&#x2009;mm was successfully demonstrated using the tip-type CNT emitter.

Hyun Jin Kim

Jun Mok Ha

Sung Hwan Heo

Small-Sized Flat-Tip CNT Emitters for Miniaturized X-Ray Tubes

Calcium carbonate (CaCO<sub>3</sub>) particles with different morphologies were prepared using calcium chloride (CaCl<sub>2</sub>) and sodium carbonate (Na<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub>) aqueous solutions containing various amounts of ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) or boric acid. The products were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The sphere-like CaCO<sub>3</sub> particle was inclined to be formed in EDTA or boric acid solution at room temperature. The surface of CaCO<sub>3</sub> is smooth in the presence of EDTA, and the crystal structure of CaCO<sub>3</sub> is majorly vaterite. However, the CaCO<sub>3</sub> has a rough surface in boric acid solution and pure calcite structure. The size of CaCO<sub>3</sub> particle decreases with the increase in the amount of EDTA or boric acid.

Xingbo Shi

Julin Wang

Xiaoping Cai

Effects of EDTA and Boric Acid on the Morphology of <svg style="vertical-align:-3.39069pt" height="15.65" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 49.5 15.65" width="49.5" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,11.362)"><path id="x43" d="M614 175l29 -10q-33 -109 -57 -154q-121 -26 -184 -26q-90 0 -160.5 29t-112.5 77t-63.5 105.5t-21.5 119.5q0 157 108 253t277 96q36 0 71.5 -5t69 -13.5t36.5 -8.5q15 -102 20 -150l-29 -8q-20 79 -66.5 114t-128.5 35q-119 0 -187.5 -86t-68.5 -207&#xA;q0 -140 73.5 -227.5t188.5 -87.5q73 0 119.5 37.5t86.5 116.5z" /></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,11.503,11.362)"><path id="x61" d="M433 39l-85 -51q-27 0 -47 20q-16 16 -24 44q-5 -3 -24 -16.5t-27 -18.5t-23 -13.5t-25 -12t-19 -3.5q-52 0 -86 36.5t-34 85.5q0 71 81 99q128 43 155 65v17q0 54 -23 83.5t-62 29.5q-28 0 -45 -19t-29 -66q-7 -23 -29 -23q-15 0 -29 13t-14 30t31 40q25 19 68.5 40.5&#xA;t81.5 29.5q49 0 82 -27q45 -39 45 -123v-185q0 -60 35 -60q18 0 36 11zM275 84v156q-12 -6 -49 -23t-41 -19q-31 -14 -46 -31t-15 -43q0 -35 22.5 -55.5t48.5 -20.5q19 0 42 10.5t38 25.5z" /></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,18.965,11.362)"><use xlink:href="#x43"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,30.388,11.362)"><path id="x4F" d="M381 665q131 0 226.5 -93t95.5 -239q0 -158 -96 -253t-238 -95q-137 0 -231 95t-94 238q0 142 92.5 244.5t244.5 102.5zM359 629q-89 0 -151 -74.5t-62 -208.5q0 -141 69 -233t175 -92q90 0 150.5 74t60.5 211q0 152 -69 237.5t-173 85.5z" /></g><g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,43.1,15.45)"><path id="x33" d="M285 378v-2q65 -13 102 -54.5t37 -97.5q0 -57 -30.5 -104.5t-74 -75t-85.5 -42t-72 -14.5q-31 0 -59.5 11t-40.5 23q-19 18 -16 36q1 16 23 33q13 10 24 0q58 -51 124 -51q55 0 88 40t33 112q0 64 -39 96.5t-88 32.5q-29 0 -64 -11l-6 29q77 25 118 57.5t41 84.5&#xA;q0 45 -26.5 69.5t-68.5 24.5q-67 0 -120 -79l-20 20l43 63q51 56 127 56h1q66 0 107 -37t41 -95q0 -42 -31 -71q-22 -23 -68 -54z" /></g></svg> Particles

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<p><em>Journal of Nanomaterials</em> publishes research on nanoscale and nanostructured materials with an emphasis on synthesis, processing, characterization, and the applications of nanomaterials.</p>


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<p>Chief Editor Stefano Bellucci is Professor of Theoretical Physics at the National Institute for Nuclear Physics in Frascati, Italy. His research interests include&nbsp;nanoscience and nanotechnology, nanocarbon-based composites, and the biomedical applications of nanomaterials.</p>


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Journal of Nanomaterials publishes research on nanoscale and nanostructured materials with an emphasis on synthesis, processing, characterization, and the applications of nanomaterials.

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Journal of Nanomaterials | Hindawi

Journal of Nanomaterials

<p>This Issue is now open for submissions.</p>
<p>Papers are published upon acceptance, regardless of the Special Issue publication date.</p>


Journal of Nanomaterials

Micro/Nanostructured Arrays: Fabrication, Applications and Devices

Micro/Nanostructured Arrays: Fabrication, Applications and Devices

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