The Effect of Dietary Fish Oil in addition to Lifestyle Counselling on Lipid Oxidation and Body Composition in Slightly Overweight Teenage Boys
Table 1
Anthropometrics, habitual diet, and exercise1.
Baseline
16 weeks
Control
Fish oil
Control
Fish oil
Anthropometrics
Age (yrs)
14.3 ± 0.6
14.3 ± 0.7
14.6 ± 0.6
14.6 ± 0.7
Weight (kg)
66.6 ± 9.9
69.8 ± 14.3
68.7 ± 10.3*3
71.7 ± 14.4*
0.73
Height (cm)
169 ± 9
169 ± 11
171 ± 9*
170 ± 11*
0.45
BMI (kg/m2 ) 4
23.1 (22.5–23.7)
24.1 (23.1–25.2)
23.3 (22.7–23.9)
24.3 (23.3–25.4)*
0.81
Testosterone (μg/L)
3.0 ± 1.7
3.5 ± 1.7
3.6 ± 2.0*
4.0 ± 1.8*
0.48
IGF-1
360 ± 101
333 ± 93
352 ± 84
363 ± 86
0.19
IGFBP-3
5.5 ± 0.9
5.4 ± 0.6
5.4 ± 0.8
5.4 ± 0.6
0.08
Habitual diet
Energy intake (kJ)
9292 ± 2523
8716 ± 2811
8524 ± 2258
8043 ± 2631
0.89
Carbohydrates (E%)
50.7 ± 5.1
51.3 ± 5.0
52.0 ± 6.7
52.7 ± 5.8
0.90
Protein (E%)
15.3 ± 2.9
15.5 ± 2.7
15.1 ± 2.9
16.2 ± 2.6
0.22
Fat (E%)5
33.8 ± 4.7
33.3 ± 5.3
32.9 ± 6.4
31.0 ± 5.7*
0.19
SFA (E%)
14.0 ± 2.4
14.0 ± 2.8
13.7 ± 3.3
12.8 ± 3.0*
0.21
MUFA (E%)
12.2 ± 2.2
11.6 ± 2.2
11.7 ± 2.6
10.9 ± 2.3*
0.56
PUFA (E%)
5.2 ± 1.2
5.2 ± 1.0
5.1 ± 1.3
4.9 ± 1.1
0.43
n-3 PUFA (E%)
0.3 ± 0.2
0.3 ± 0.2
0.3 ± 0.2
0.2 ± 0.2
0.51
Added sugar (E%)
10.8 ± 5.5
9.0 ± 5.0
8.6 ± 4.9*
6.7 ± 4.7*
0.98
Fibre (g/MJ)
1.9 ± 0.5
2.1 ± 0.6
2.2 ± 0.5*
2.5 ± 0.7*
0.16
Physical activity
Steps pr day
10 950 ± 3842
10 711 ± 4253
11 901 ± 4234
11 134 ± 5395
0.43
1Data are presented as mean ± SD or geometric mean (95% CI). 2P values for baseline adjusted group differences at 16 weeks. 3*Indicates that the within-group-change from baseline to followup is significant (), assessed by paired t-tests. 4The usual cut-offs for BMI (>25 kg/m2 = overweight) is not applicable to children. The corresponding value for 13–15-year-old boys lies between 21.9 and 23.6 kg/m2 [15]. 5This table compares habitual fat intake only, that is not including the contribution of energy and fat from supplemental oils.
