The Acute Impact of Ingestion of Sourdough and Whole-Grain Breads on Blood Glucose, Insulin, and Incretins in Overweight and Obese Men

Figure 3

Fasting and postprandial GLP-1 responses to the ingestion of 50 g available carbohydrate of the test breads. Data are means. Standard errors are not included for clarity, 𝑛=11. Test bread was ingested after collection of fasting blood sample at time point −15 min. Significant overall treatment effects were found (sourdough bread was lower than 11-grain (𝑃<0.0001), sprouted-grain (𝑃<0.0001), and white (𝑃<0.02) breads. 11-grain bread was greater than 12-grain (𝑃<0.03) and white (𝑃<0.03) breads. Sprouted-grain bread was greater than 12-grain (𝑃<0.009) and white (𝑃<0.05) breads).