Health Implications of High Dietary Omega-6 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids

Table 2

Proinflammatory effects of n-6 fatty-acid-derived eicosanoids and anti-inflammatory effects of the n-3 fatty-acid-derived eicosanoids.

Proinflammatory effects of the n-6 fatty-acid-derived eicosanoids
	Arachidonic acid (n-6) derived eicosanoids	Physiological effects	Organs or cells
Prostaglandins	PGD2	Bronchoconstriction Proinflammatory	Bronchi; Activation of eosinophils
	PGE2	Proarrhythmic; Induces fever; Causes pain; Increases production of IL-6	Vessels; Nociceptor sensory neurons
	PGF2	Bronchoconstriction	Bronchi
	PGI2	Proarrhythmic	Vessels
		Causes pain	Nociceptor sensory neurons
Thromboxanes	TXA2	Proaggregation; Vasoconstriction; Bronchoconstriction	Platelets; Vessels; Bronchi
	TXB2	Proaggregation; Vasoconstriction; Bronchoconstriction	Platelets; Vessels; Bronchi
Leukotrienes	LTA4
	LTB4	Proinflammatory; Chemotaxis; Release of reactive oxygen species	Leukocytes; Leukocytes; Granulocytes
	LTC4
	LTD4
	LTE4
Anti-inflammatory effects of the n-3 fatty-acid-derived eicosanoids
	EPA and DHA (n-3) derived eicosanoids	Physiological effects	Organs or cells
Prostaglandins	PGD3
	PGE3	Antiarrhythmic	Vessels
	PGF3
	PGI3	Antiarrhythmic	Vessels
Thromboxanes	TXA3	Antiaggregation	Platelets
	TXB3	Antiaggregation	Platelets
Leukotrienes	LTA5
	LTB5	Anti-inflammatory	Leukocytes
	LTC5
	LTD5
	LTE5
Resolvins	RVE1	Antiaggregation Anti-inflammatory	Platelets; Dendritic cells
	RVD	Anti-inflammatory
Neuroprotectin	NPD1	Anti-inflammatory Antiapoptotic; Decreases oxidative stress	Retina (photoreceptor cells) and brain

Data elaborated from [21, 37–39].