Food Store Environment Modifies Intervention Effect on Fruit and Vegetable Intake among Low-Income Women in North Carolina
Table 1
Baseline participant characteristics mean (SD) or percent, North Carolina, 2009.
Intervention
Control
Demographics
Age (years)
52 (7.4)
52 (6.7)
Education (years)
13 (1.9)
13 (1.8)
Smoke (%)
14%
17%
Employed full time (%)
35%
23%
Income (≤$29,000)
67%
68%
Race
White
40%
42%
African American
59%
55%
Other
1%
3%
Baseline Weight and Diet
BMI kg/m²
37.5 (4.7)
37.4 (4.7)
Weight lbs
220 (35)
220 (28)
Fruit and vegetable servings
4 (1.8)
4 (1.4)
Perceived healthy food in neighborhood*
Availability (range 0–12)
8.5 (3.0)
8.2 (3.1)
Perceived healthy food in primary food store*
Availability (range 0–16)
12.7 (2.3)
12.6 (2.4)
Perceived healthy food affordability in primary food store*
Affordability (range 0–16)
9.6 (3.4)
9.5 (3.4)
Perceived primary food store access**
Miles
4.7 (5.0)
5.7 (5.9)
Objective neighborhood availability*
Supercenters
0.17 (0.38)
0.23 (0.42)
Supermarkets
0.83 (0.38)
0.85 (0.36)
Convenience
0.89 (0.32)
0.85 (0.36)
Objective food store availability*
Food store score
34.7 (2.5)
33.8 (4.4)
Objective access**
Miles
6.0 (6.2)
5.6 (5.6)
*Higher scores indicate greater availability or affordability of healthy foods at the store and neighborhood level.
**Access = reported or calculated miles from home to primary food store.
