Immobilization Technologies in Probiotic Food Production

Table 2

Most important beneficial effects of probiotics.

	Beneficial effect	Probiotic microorganism	Type of trial	Outcome	Reference
Metabolism	Lactose digestion	Lactobacillus casei Shirota	Target group of patients, lactose maldigestion	Lactobacillus casei Shirota seems to improve symptoms in lactose-intolerant patients	[46]
	Lipid metabolism	Lactobacillus plantarum,; Lactobacillus curvatus	Randomized	Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus curvatus reduced cholesterol in plasma and liver	[47]
	Oxalate metabolism	Lactobacillus casei	Target group of patients, stone-forming patients	Lactobacillus casei processed lowering effect upon urinary oxalate excretion	[48]
Chronic intestinal inflammatory and functional disorders	Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD): Crohn’s disease	Saccharomyces boulardii	Pilot study	Saccharomyces boulardii controlled inflammation and promoted epithelial restitution	[49]
	Ulcerative colitis	Combined lactobacilli and enterococci	Randomized	Effective treatment by mediating immunological response	[50]
	Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)	Lactobacillus plantarum	Double blind, placebo controlled, and parallel designed	Lactobacillus plantarum provided effective symptom relief	[51]
Allergic diseases	Eczema	Lactobacillus rhamnosus	Randomized, double blind, placebo controlled	Lactobacillus rhamnosus showed protective effect against eczema	[52]
	Atopic dermatitis	Lactobacillus plantarum	Randomized, double blind, placebo controlled	Lactobacillus plantarum was beneficial in the treatment of pediatric AD	[53]
	Allergic rhinitis	Lactobacillus salivarius	Randomized, double blind controlled	Lactobacillus salivarius reduced symptoms and drug usage in children	[54]
	Asthma	Lactobacillus gasseri	Randomized, placebo controlled	Lactobacillus gasseri had clinical benefits in asthma treatment	[55]
Reduction of risk factors of infection	Infectious diarrhea	Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Bifidobacterium bifidum, and Bifidobacterium longum	Randomized, single blind	Synbiotic mixture showed reduction in diarrhea duration	[56]
	Necrotizing enterocolitis (infants)	Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium infantis	Randomized, placebo controlled	Protective effect in clinical NEC	[57]
	Helicobacter pylori	Lactobacillus acidophilus,; Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus bulgaricus,; Lactobacillus casei, Streptococcus thermophilus, and Bifidobacterium infantis Bifidobacterium breve	Randomized, double blind, placebo controlled	Positive effect on the eradication of H. pylori infection	[58]
Respiratory tract infections	Ear, nose, and throat infections	Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG	Randomized, double blind, and placebo controlled	Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG reduced the risk of early acute otitis, the antibiotic use, and the risk of recurrent respiratory infections during first year of life	[59]
Malignancy	Cervical cancer	Bifidobacterium adolescentis	Prospective controlled pilot study	Probiotic studies promoted the clearance of HPV-related cytological abnormalities	[32]