Dietary Diversity and Meal Frequency Practices among Infant and Young Children Aged 6–23 Months in Ethiopia: A Secondary Analysis of Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey 2011
Table 2
Factors associated with minimum dietary diversity practice, Ethiopia, 2012.
Characteristics
Minimum dietary diversity
COR (95% CI)
AOR (95% CI)
Adequate
Inadequate
(%)
(%)
Child characteristics
Age in month
6–11 months
49 (4.6)
1010 (95.4)
1
12–17 months
104 (11)
838 (89)
0.392 (0.276, 0.556)
0.322 (0.220, 0.472)
18–23 months
138 (16.5)
696 (83.5)
0.247 (0.176, 0.347)
0.215 (0.148, 0.313)
Birth order
First
87 (17.9)
400 (82.1)
1
Second
47 (9.4)
452 (90.6)
2.091 (1.432, 3.054)
2.134 (1.280, 3.557)
Third
41 (9.6)
387 (90.4)
2.084 (1.400, 3.102)
1.951 (1.152, 3.304)
Fourth
30 (8.1)
341 (91.9)
2.489 (1.603, 3.864)
2.110 (1.185, 3.757)
Fifth
87 (8.3)
87 (8.3)
2.433 (1.768, 3.348)
1.835 (1.127, 2.990)
Mothers characteristics
Mother work status
Yes
127 (13.6)
810 (86.4)
1.65 (1.292, 2.114)
1.271 (0.958, 1.688)
No
164 (8.7)
1730 (91.3)
1
Mother education
No education
105 (5.5)
1810 (94.5)
1
Primary education
141 (17.5)
663 (82.5)
0.273 (0.209, 0.357)
0.314 (0.226, 0.438)
Secondary and above
45 (38.8)
71 (61.2)
0.090 (0.059, 0.138)
0.296 (0.156, 0.562)
Marital status
Never in union
3 (14.3)
18 (85.7)
1
Married
283 (10.7)
2369 (89.3)
1.212 (0.332, 4.419)
**
Widowed
5 (3.1)
157 (96.9)
4.191 (0.893, 19.680)
**
Household characteristics
Household wealth index
Poorest
34 (5)
649 (95)
1
Poorer
60 (9.5)
570 (90.5)
0.492 (0.318, 0.761)
0.635 (0.402, 1.004)
Middle
39 (6.8)
533 (93.2)
0.717 (0.446, 1.152)
1.006 (0.610, 1.658)
Richer
44 (8.7)
463 (91.3)
0.552 (0.347, 0.877)
0.923 (0.560, 1.521)
richest
115 (25.8)
330 (74.2)
0.150 (0.100, 0.226)
0.256 (0.142, 0.459)
Exposure to media
Satisfactory
172 (7.8)
2020 (92.2)
0.372 (0.289, 0.478)
0.734 (0.531, 1.014)
Unsatisfactory
119 (18.6)
520 (81.4)
1
1
Number of <5 children
one
124 (13.4)
804 (86.6)
1.155 (0.806, 1.656)
1.880 (1.251, 2.826)
Two
123 (8.5)
1324 (91.5)
0.690 (0.481, 0.992)
2.476 (1.510, 4.060)
Three and above
44 (9.6)
416 (90.4)
1
0.455 (0.284, 0.729)
Decision making
Women not involved
26 (8.4)
282 (91.6)
1
Women involved
257 (11.0)
2084 (89)
1.323 (0.869, 2.012)
**
Sociodemographic characteristics
Husband education
No education
84 (6.2)
1279 (93.8)
1
Primary education
137 (11.4)
1065 (88.6)
0.510 (0.384, 0.678)
0.944 (0.681, 1.308)
Secondary and above
65 (27.4)
172 (72.6)
0.174 (0.121, 0.249)
0.804 (0.474, 1.365)
Type of place of residence
Urban
83 (22.6)
285 (77.4)
3.162 (2.384, 4.195)
0.687 (0.410, 1.152)
Rural
208 (8.4)
2260 (91.6)
1
Health care characteristics
Number of ANC visits
No visit
116 (7.2)
1491 (92.8)
1
1–3 visits
75 (11.5)
580 (88.5)
0.600 (0.442, 0.815)
0.903 (0.640, 1.275)
4+ visits
100 (20.2)
394 (79.8)
0.307 (0.229, 0.410)
0.749 (0.511, 1.098)
Place of delivery
Home
216 (8.6)
2287 (91.4)
1
Health institute
75 (22.6)
257 (77.4)
3.093 (2.309, 4.143)
1.229 (0.753, 2.006)
OR: odds ratio; CI: confidence interval.
**Those not showing association in the Bivariate analysis at value ≤0.2 and not fitted to multivariate model.
