Research Article
Hypovitaminosis D and Its Associated Factors in North Algerian Postmenopausal Women: Results of a Cross-Sectional Study
Table 1
Sociodemographic, biochemical, and clinical characteristics of the study population (n = 336).
| | | Mean ± SD or percentage | Min-max |
| | Sociodemographic parameters | | Age (years) | — | 60.1 ± 8.5 | 45.0–87.0 | | Age at menopause (years) | — | 47.4 ± 4.8 | 26.0–57.0 | | Seasons of recruitment | Winter | 23.5% | — | | Spring | 26.8% | — | | Summer | 25.0% | — | | Autumn | 24.7% | — | | Number of children | — | 6.5 ± 3.5 | 0.0–16.0 | | Education level/schooling (%) | None | 57.7% | — | | Primary education | 24.4% | — | | Average level | 15.5% | — | | University level | 2.4% | — | | Skin phototype | I–III | 50.6% | — | | IV | 43.8% | — | | V | 5.7% | — | | Veiling | Yes | 96.1% | — | | No | 3.9% | — | | Rural or urban area | Urban | 74.1% | — | | Rural | 25.9% | — | | Daily calcium intake | — | 491.0 ± 181.3 | 149.6–1334.9 | | <500 mg | 58.3% | — | | ≥500–<700 mg | 30.1% | — | | ≥700–<800 mg | 5.4% | — | | ≥800 mg | 6.3% | — | | Daily vitamin D intake (IU) | — | 56 ± 44 | 0–220 | | Clinical parameters | | BMI (kg/m2) | — | 28.5 ± 5.3 | 15.0–50.0 | | T-score ≤ −2.5 | Hip | 12.8% | — | | Lumbar spine | 32.2% | — | | Osteoporosis | — | 32.8% | — | | History of fracture | Yes | 16.1% | — | | Biochemical parameters | | 25(OH)D (ng/mL) | — | 14.4 ± 5.3 | 4.0–35.9 | | PTH (pg/mL) | — | 64.2 ± 25.1 | 14.0–179.6 |
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T-score of the lumbar spine and/or lower hip ≤ −2.5; IU: international units; SD: standard deviation.
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