Research Article

Use of Dietary Supplements among Spanish Pediatricians in Daily Practice: A Cross-Sectional Survey Study

Table 1

Type of dietary supplement, indications, and factors considered at the time of prescription in the survey of 433 pediatricians.

Item of the questionnaireNumber (%)

What type of pediatric dietary supplements do you usually use?
 Vitamins and/or minerals330 (76.2)
 Omega-3 fatty acids (DHA/EPA)325 (75.1)
 Probiotics/prebiotics/synbiotics398 (91.9)
 Immune stimulants348 (80.4)
 Phytotherapy in general88 (20.3)
 Others19 (4.4)
When do you decide to use a dietary supplement?
 As a first choice whenever possible134 (30.9)
 In case of a mild disease172 (39.7)
 When pharmacological treatment is not effective?64 (14.8)
 I use to combine pharmacological treatment and dietary supplementation351 (81.1)
 On parent’s request93 (21.5)
In which of conditions do you recommend the following dietary supplements?
 Vitamins and/or minerals
  Improvement of nutritional status324 (74.8)
  Stimulation of defenses/cold prevention71 (16.4)
  Improvement of concentration55 (12.7)
  Improvement of ADHD symptoms30 (6.9)
 Omega-3 fatty acids
  Improvement of ADHD symptoms367 (84.8)
  Improvement of concentration347 (80.1)
  Improvement of atopy symptoms81 (18.7)
  Improvement of nutritional status64 (14.8)
 Probiotics/prebiotics/synbiotics
  Combination with antibiotics401 (92.6)
  Gastrointestinal disorders395 (91.2)
  Constipation221 (51.0)
  Improvement of atopy symptoms123 (28.4)
 Immune stimulants
  Stimulation of defenses/cold prevention377 (87.1)
  Cough and mucus182 (42.0)
  Improvement of atopy symptoms89 (20.6)
  Improvement of nutritional status43 (9.9)
 Phytotherapy
  Cough and mucus127 (29.3)
  Constipation81 (18.7)
  Gastrointestinal disorders39 (9.0)
  Improvement of atopy symptoms39 (9.0)
 Do you use homeopathy?
  Yes226 (54.1)
  No192 (45.9)
  Missing15 (3.5)

DHA: docosahexaenoic acid; EPA: eicosapentaenoic acid; ADHS: attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.