Microporosity Development of Herringbone Carbon Nanofibers by RbOH Chemical Activation
Table 1
Textural properties and other characterization parameters of parent and activated CNFs using RbOH as the activating agent.
RbOH/CNFs ratio (w/w)
Tª (°C)
He flow rate (mL/min)
Carbon yield (%)
BET surface Area (m2/g)
Micropore area (m2/g) (1)
Micropore volume (cm3/g)(2)
Mesopore volume (cm3/g)(3)
Npg(4)
C
H
C/O
PARENT CNFs
127
33 (26%)
0.147(20%)
0.590
10.8
92.0
5.5
2.5
37.3
1/1
850
500
90
182
92 (50%)
0.373(47%)
0.415
10.7
90.3
5.0
4.7
19.0
2/1
850
500
72
224
117 (52%)
0.918(68%)
0.421
10.3
88.5
4.7
6.8
12.9
3/1
850
500
67
246
133 (54%)
1.014(70%)
0.436
10.0
87.5
4.7
7.9
11.1
4/1
850
500
63
290
171 (59%)
1.706(80%)
0.308
9.3
83.4
5.0
11.6
7.2
5/1
850
500
60
268
131 (49%)
1.069(69%)
0.484
9.8
86.0
5.3
8.7
9.9
4/1
700
500
95
160
58 (36%)
0.386(45%)
0.461
10.7
91.8
5.4
2.7
33.9
4/1
800
500
67
241
133 (55%)
0.943(72%)
0.368
10.1
88.0
4.8
7.2
12.3
4/1
850
500
63
290
171 (59%)
1.706(80%)
0.308
9.3
83.4
5.0
11.6
7.2
4/1
900
500
56
334
194 (58%)
1.515(74%)
0.535
8.8
80.3
5.2
14.5
5.5
4/1
900
150
68
247
145 (59%)
0.847(73%)
0.401
10.1
87.5
4.7
7.8
11.3
4/1
900
500
56
334
194 (58%)
1.515(83%)
0.535
8.8
80.3
5.2
14.5
5.5
4/1
900
700
55
338
198 (59%)
1.720(77%)
0.506
8.7
80.0
5.0
15.0
5.3
4/1
900
850
54
383
235 (61%)
2.835(87%)
0.400
8.6
79.8
4.8
15.4
5.2
4/1
900
1000
55
342
215 (63%)
1.801(89%)
0.215
8.7
80.1
5.1
14.8
5.4
(1)In brackets: percentage of micropore area with respect to the total surface area. (2)Cumulative micropore volume obtained using the Horvath-Kawazoe method. In brackets: percentage of micropore volume respect to the total pore volume. (3)Cumulative mesopore volume obtained using the BJH method. (4)npg = Lc/d002. (5): the oxygen is assessed by difference up to 100%.
