Morphological Investigation into Starch Bio-Nanocomposites via Synchrotron Radiation and Differential Scanning Calorimetry
Table 1
Experimental sheet for sample preparation and characterization results (moisture content, characteristic peak position, and basal spacing). The standard deviation (SD) for the moisture measurement and for the basal spacing is less than 0.6%.
High-moisture-content samples
Low-moisture-content samples
Sample ID
Moisture (%)
(nm−1)
(nm−1)
Basal spacing (Å)
Sample ID
Moisture (%)
(nm−1)
(nm−1)
Basal spacing (Å)
PS
30.69
—
0.36
—
OPS
2.2
—
0.368
S010
26.23
—
0.36
—
OS010
2.71
—
0.358
S020
16.68
—
0.36
—
OS020
2.14
—
0.355
S105
30.32
0.292
0.363
21.5
OS105
2.38
0.423
0.358
Exfoliated
—
S115
17.31
0.3
0.360
20.9
OS115
4.83
0.315
—
19.9
1.0
S200
20.13
0.290
0.36
21.7
OS200
6.19
0.423
—
14.7
7
S210
28.46
0.295
Shoulder
21.3
OS210
3.23
0.317
—
19.8
1.5
S220
21.93
0.302
Shoulder
20.8
OS220
4.53
0.310
20.3
0.5
S305
27.59
0.304
Shoulder
20.7
OS305
3.52
0.422
0.36
Exfoliated
S315
22.98
0.295
Shoulder
21.3
OS315
2.53
0.311
—
20.2
2.1
S400
18.47
0.381
0.36
Exfoliated
OS400
5.67
0.421
—
Exfoliated
—
S410
25.93
0.290
Shoulder
21.7
OS410
2.45
0.309
—
20.3
1.4
S420
15.61
0.295
Shoulder
21.3
OS420
2.07
0.302
—
20.8
0.5
: characteristic peak of nanoclay in corresponding nanocomposite. : characteristic peak of starch in corresponding nanocomposite. Basal spacing: gallery spacing calculated from the Bragg equation. : basal spacing (high moisture content) − basal spacing (low moisture content).
