Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of CuO Nanoparticles Using Cordia africana Lam. Leaf Extract for 4-Nitrophenol Reduction

Figure 5

Reduction of 4-NP using CuO nanostructures synthesized at different pH values: (a) pH = 12, (b) pH = 10, (c) pH = 7, (d) plots of C_t/C₀ versus reaction time (min), and (e) plots of ln(C_t/C₀) versus reaction time (min).

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)