Journal of Oncology

Review Article

Advances in Cellular Therapy for the Treatment of Thyroid Cancer

Table 1

List of possible thyroid tumor associated antigens.


		Methods

Tumor	Potential TAA	Biochemical		in vivo
Tumor	Potential TAA	RT-PCR	IHC	Animal model	Clinical trial

	Cancer antigens
PTC	MAGE	[86, 87]	[86–88]
FTC	GAGE	[87]	[87]
	Receptors
	IGF-I R	[89]	[89, 90]
	EGF-R		[91, 92]
	PDGF-R	[93]
	VEGF-R	[93, 94]	[94]
	c-KIT	[93]
	CD10		[95, 96]
	CXCR4		[97]
	LIMD2	[98]	[98]
	CD45	[98]	[98]
	LTB	[98]	[98]
	Functional associated
	Thyreoglobulin	[99–101]
	HBME-1		[102, 103]
	CK19	[101]	[102]
	Galectins		[103]
	Fibronectin-1	[101]	[102]
	Survivin		[104]
	TERT	[105–107]	[108]
	Metastases associated
	MMPs		[109–111]
	CD147		[109]
	u-PA/u-PA-R	[112, 113]
	Fascin		[114]

ATC	Autotoxin	[115, 116]
ATC	CD133	[117]	[117, 118]

MTC	CT			[84]	[81, 82, 85]
	PPCT			[80, 85]
	CEA				[81, 82]
	NY-ESO-1	[119]

ATC: anaplastic thyroid cancer; FTC: follicular thyroid cancer; MTC: medullary thyroid cancer; PTC: papillary thyroid cancer.
MAGE/GAGE: melanoma antigens, also known as cancer testis antigen; IGF-I R: insulin growth factor-receptor; EGF-R: epidermal growth factor-receptor; PDGF-R: plateled-derived growth factor-receptor; VEGF-R: vascular endothelial growth factor-receptor; c-KIT: hematopoietic stem cell receptor; CD10: common acute lymphocytic leukemia antigen; CXCR4: stromal cell-derived factor 1 receptor; LIMD2: LIM kinase containing receptor-2; CD45: protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type C; LTB: lymphotoxin beta membrane anchored protein; HBME-1: human mesothelial cell marker 1; CK19: cytokeratin 19; TERT: telomerase reverse transcriptase; MMPs: matrix metalloproteinases; CD147: basigin, a subunit of the monocarboxylate transporter; u-PA and u-PA-R: urokinase-type plasminogen activator and its receptor; CD133: hematopoietic stem cells antigen; CT: calcitonin; PPCal: preprocalcitonin; CEA: carcinoembryonic antigen; NY-ESO-1: a cancer testis antigen.
RT-PCR: real-time PCR; IHC: immunohistochemistry.