The Role of Dysregulated Glucose Metabolism in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer

Table 1

Glucose transporter expression in ovarian and other cancers.

Facilitative Transporters: Class 1 GLUTs
	Major site of expression	Expression in EOC [77–80]	Localization in EOC [77–80]	Expression in other cancers
GLUT-1	Fetal tissue, erythrocytes; widely distributed	Overexpressed in almost all invasive carcinomas; expression increases from benign to invasive tumours	Cell membrane, cytoplasm; more in membrane in more invasive; some studies say stronger closer to periphery; some say farther from tumour-stromal interface	Breast [82, 83], head, and neck [84], colorectal [85], prostate [86], pancreatic [87], cervical [88]
GLUT-2	Liver, pancreas	Negative	Unknown	Islet cell tumours [89], sarcoma [90]
GLUT-3	Brain	Conflicting: reported to be high in >90% of EOC tumours; also weak, homogenous expression in all ovarian tissue; also in ovarian tumours but not normal tissue	Cytoplasm and cell membrane	Lymphoma [91], head and neck [92], lung [93]
GLUT-4	Insulin-responsive tissues (skeletal muscle, heart, adipose tissue)	Conflicting: no expression in normal or malignant; also present in up to 84% in ovarian tumour cells	Unknown	Lung [94], breast [95]
Active Transporters: SGLTs.
	Major site of expression	Expression in EOC	Localization in EOC	Expression in other cancers
SGLT1	Kidney and small intestine	Not investigated	Unknown	Breast [96], prostate [96], head and neck [97], pancreatic [98]
SGLT2	Kidney and small intestine	Not investigated	Unknown	No reports
SGLT3	Skeletal muscle and small intestine	Not investigated	Unknown	No reports