Research Article

Short-Term Exposure to Tobacco Toxins Alters Expression of Multiple Proliferation Gene Markers in Primary Human Bronchial Epithelial Cell Cultures

Figure 1

(60x magnification) Top Panel: effects of benzo(b)fluoranthene on morphology assessed by Papanicolaou stain. Note changes in cell size, nuclear size, nucleolar size, and nuclear and cytoplasmic density. Bottom Panel: histochemical staining for nonspecific esterase (NSE) of control and benzo(b)fluoranthene-treated cells. The negative (N) and solvent (S) controls (acetone exposure) display positive perinuclear, punctuate, or Golgi pattern of dense NSE staining while benzo(b)fluoranthene-exposed cells showed completely negative staining at all exposure concentrations. N: negative control, S: solvent control, L: low carcinogen concentration, M: medium carcinogen concentration, and H: high carcinogen concentration.
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