Early Pseudoprogression following Chemoradiotherapy in Glioblastoma Patients: The Value of RANO Evaluation

Table 1

Criteria for response assessment in high-grade gliomas.

Response	Criteria
	Macdonald criteria	RANO criteria
Complete response	All: complete disappearance of all enhancing measurable and nonmeasurable diseases sustained for at least 4 weeks, no new lesions, no corticosteroids, and being stable or improved clinically.	All: T1 gadolinium enhancing disease, none; T2/FLAIR, stable or decreasing; new lesion, none; corticosteroids, none; clinical status: stable or improving.
Partial response	All: ≥50% decrease in sum of products of perpendicular diameters of all measurable enhancing lesions sustained for at least 4 weeks, no new lesions, stable or reduced corticosteroid dose, and being stable or improved clinically.	All: T1 gadolinium enhancing disease, ≥50% decrease; T2/FLAIR, stable or decreasing; new lesion, none; corticosteroids, stable or decreasing; clinical status: stable or improving.
Stable disease	All: being not qualified for complete response, partial response, or progression; being stable clinically.	All: T1 gadolinium enhancing disease: <50% decrease but <25% increase; T2/FLAIR: stable or decreasing; new lesion: none; corticosteroids: stable or decreasing; clinical status: stable or improving.
Progression	Any: ≥25% increase in sum of the products of perpendicular diameters of enhancing lesions, any new lesion, or clinical deterioration.	Any: T1 gadolinium enhancing disease: ≥25% increase; T2/FLAIR: increasing; new lesion: none; corticosteroids: not applicable; clinical status: deteriorating.

RANO: Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology; FLAIR: fluid-attenuated inversion recovery.