Review Article

Gallbladder Cancer in the 21st Century

Table 3

Japanese Biliary Surgical Society staging system.

StageIIIIIIIV

Capsular invasion No capsular invasion (S0)Suspected capsular invasion (S1)Marked capsular invasion (S2)Direct invasion of adjacent viscera (S3)

Hepatic invasionNo hepatic invasion (Hinf0)Suspected hepatic invasion (Hinf1)Marked hepatic invasion around gallbladder (Hinf2)Extensive hepatic invasion (Hinf3)

Bile duct invasionNo involvement of extrahepatic bile duct (Binf0)Suspected involvement of bile duct (Binf1)Marked biliary involvement (Binf2)Extensive involvement of bile duct (Binf3)

Lymph node metastasesNo lymph node metastasis (N0)Metastases to lymph nodes around extrahepatic bile duct (primary group, N1)Metastases in lymph nodes of hepatoduodenal ligament (secondary group, N2) OR surrounding area (tertiary group, N3) Metastases more distant than in stage III (fourth group, N4)

Liver metastasisNo liver metastases (H0)No liver metastases (H0)No liver metastases (H0)Liver metastases in 1 lobe (H1)
OR
Small liver metastases in bilateral lobes (H2)
OR
Multiple liver metastases in bilateral lobes (H3)

Peritoneal disseminationNo peritoneal dissemination (P0)No peritoneal dissemination (P0)No peritoneal dissemination (P0)Peritoneal dissemination near tumour (P1)
OR
Small number of peritoneal disseminations distant from tumour (P2)
OR
Multiple peritoneal disseminations distant from tumour (P3)