Quality of Life, Depression, and Anxiety in Patients with Uveal Melanoma: A Review

Table 1

Studies on choroidal/uveal melanoma.

(a)

Authors	Study design	Evaluation time	Pts #	Treatment 1	Treatment 2	Treatment 3
Moy & Melia, 1999 [4]	Methodological paper	6 months and annually after randomization	-	Brachytherapy	Surgery
Cruickshanks et al., 1999 [18]	Cross-sectional	One evaluation after 4.9–6.3 ys	147	Brachytherapy	Surgery
Brandberg et al., 2000 [20]	Naturalistic FU	12 months	99	Brachytherapy	Surgery
Foss et al., 2000 [22]	Validation study	-	176	Brachytherapy	Surgery	Proton beam radiotherapy
Melia at al., 2003 [16]	Cross-sectional	-	842	Brachytherapy	Surgery
Chabert et al., 2004 [30]	Retrospective	4	98	Brachytherapy	SEBI external beam	Leksell
Reimer et al., 2003 [26]	Naturalistic FU	3	35	Brachytherapy	-
Melia et al. 2006 [17]	Naturalistic FU	60	209	Brachytherapy	Surgery
Reimer et al., 2006 [29]	Case control	1 month	93	Thickness assigned	-
Blanco-Rivera et al., 2008 [32]	Prospective	120	65	Brachytherapy	Surgery
Cook et al., 2009 [41]	Prospective	4	14	Surgery	-	-
Beran et al., 2009 [42]	Longitudinal	-	99	Brachytherapy	Surgery	Proton beam radiotherapy
Amaro et al., 2010 [33]	Prospective	12	20	Surgery	-
Suchocka-Capuano et al., 2011 [34]	Prospective	12	69	Brachytherapy	SEBI external beam
Cook et al., 2011 [43]	Prospective	36	22	Brachytherapy	Surgery
Wiley et al., 2013 [36]	Retrospective	60	99	Brachytherapy	SEBI external beam	Surgery
Schuermeyer et al., 2016 [45]	Prospective	12	96	Brachytherapy	Surgery
Hope-Stone et al., 2016 [46]	Prospective	24	411	Brachytherapy	SEBI external beam	Surgery

(b)

Authors	Outcome measure 1	Outcome measure 2	Outcome measure 3	Outcome measure 4	Outcome measure 5	Comments
Moy & Melia, 1999 [4]						Methodological paper.
Cruickshanks et al., 1999 [18]	MOS-SF-36	NEI-VFQ	TTO			Patients treated with radiotherapy had better scores on the Mental Component Subscales of MOS-SF-36. No other differences were found
Brandberg et al., 2000 [20]	HADS	EORTC-QLQ-C30	IES	ESQ		Symptoms of anxiety, but not of depression decreased at 2 months and 1 year after treatment. “Emotional problems” more represented among enucleated pts
Foss et al., 2000 [22]	MOS-SF-36	MOOD				The aim was to develop a measure to assess outcomes in patients treated for ocular melanoma (MOOD). The MOOD proved to be highly acceptable.
Melia et al., 2003 [16]	ADVS	MOS-SF-36	NEI-VFQ	HADS
Chabert et al., 2004 [30]	HADS	EORTC-QLQ-C30	EORTC-QLQ-OPT-C37	VASs		QoL and state of health experienced by patients both seemed to be rather good. QoL after treatment did not appear to depend on the type of treatment. 7 pts were secondary on surgery after radiotherapy.
Reimer et al., 2003 [26]	SCL-90-R	MOS-SF-36	NEI-VFQ-42			No information regarding anxious or depressive symptoms, despite the endorsement of the SCL-90 clinically relevant distress threshold, in 49% of the sample before radiotherapy, and in 31% three months after radiotherapy.
Melia, 2006 [17]	ADVS	NEI-VFQ-42	MOS-SF-36	HADS	NSD-COMS-QoL	HADS anxiety scores were analyzed over time by categories (“no anxiety” vs “possible or definite anxiety”). Patients randomized to brachytherapy with symptoms of anxiety were less likely to report resolution of symptoms than patients randomized to enucleation. The proportion of patients with “definite anxiety” did not differ by treatment group. The levels of anxiety decreased after 6 months as compared with baseline. Depression scores on HADS did not differ by treatment
Reimer et al., 2006 [29]	SCL-90-R	MOS-SF-36	SFQSS-K22			Thirty-tree pts were “mentally distressed”, 60 pts were “non-distressed”. Subscales with scores > 63 in distressed patients included “Somatization”, “Anxiety”, and “Phobic anxiety” as well as the global scores Global Severity Index and Positive Symptom Distress Index.
Blanco-Rivera et al., 2008 [32]	VF-19					Statistically significant decrease in the VF-19 scores before and after treatment (; , respectively; ). The difference between the enucleated and radiated groups was statistically significant in favor of the last one .
Cook et al., 2009 [41]	Detailed interview audio-recorded					According to authors’ clinical impression, patients with good prognosis were the ones who benefit most from cytogenetic testing. No standardised QoL measures were administered.
Beran et al., 2009 [42]	CES-D	MOS-SF-36	Cytogenetic Testing Preferences Questionnaire			Psychological status did not vary as a function of cytogenetic test result. Nearly all participants, indicated that they wanted the prognostic information of the cytogenetic test, despite being informed that the result would not influence medical care.
Amaro et al., 2010 [33]	BDI	MOS-SF-36				In the QoL assessment, patients before the surgery showed a loss in the domain of role limitations owing to emotional problems. After 3 months, they described loss in vitality, social functioning and mental health. One year after surgery, recovery in the SF-36 scores.
Suchocka-Capuano et al., 2011 [34]	HADS	EORTC-QLQ-C30	QLQ-OPT-30	STAI-B		QoL levels remained relatively good and stable before and after treatment with the exception of social functioning. 56% of pts had moderate/severe anxiety that decreased after 1 month. Depressive symptoms remain stable
Cook et al., 2011 [43]		Audio-taped Interview				Patients who accepted cytogenetic test could not make a considered decision because of the emotionality of the situation. They were justifying their choice using normative ideas including altruism and the importance of being informed.
Wiley et al., 2013 [36]	CES-D	Concern about Recurrence Scale	VFQ-25			CES-D cutoff of 16 suggestive of clinical depression was 15.15%. This cohort reported high vision-specific QoL and low depressive symptoms.
Schuermeyer et al., 2016 [45]	HADS	Decision Regret Scale				The mean (SD) HADS anxiety score at baseline was higher than at 3 months or 12 months, and decreased with older age. The decision regret score was associated with baseline HADS depression score, and HADS depression score increased with baseline HADS anxiety score.
Hope-Stone et al., 2016 [46]	HADS	FACT-G				Female and younger patients showed higher levels of anxiety than other patients. Patients with monosomy 3 showed higher levels of depression. However, mean HADS scores remained below clinical relevance