Surgical Disparities of Parathyroid Carcinoma: Long-Term Outcomes and Deep Excavation Based on a Large Database

Table 3

Multivariate analyses results for clinicopathologic parameters associated with the cancer-specific survival and overall survival.

Covariate	Level	HR	CSS		value	HR	OS		value
			95% CI				95% CI
Age at diagnosis	<45	Ref.				Ref.
	45–59	1.646	0.172	15.725	0.665	1.057	0.424	2.635	0.906
	60–69	2.307	0.232	22.99	0.476	1.563	0.591	4.136	0.368
	70–79	5.395	0.536	54.261	0.152	1.926	0.692	5.365	0.21
	>80	—	—	—	—	2.835	0.704	11.419	0.143
Year of diagnosis	1973–2004	Ref.				Ref.
	2004–2015	0.215	0.048	0.957	0.044	0.854	0.378	1.932	0.705
Sex	Female	Ref.				Ref.
	Male	1.382	0.403	4.742	0.607	0.844	0.471	1.513	0.569
Race	White	Ref.				Ref.
	Black	2.762	0.74	10.312	0.131	2.375	1.263	4.465	0.007
	Other	1.836	0.201	16.798	0.59	0.691	0.159	3.001	0.622
Extent of diseases	Local disease	Ref.				Ref.
	Regional disease	2.234	0.568	8.786	0.25	1.505	0.769	2.947	0.233
	Metastatic disease	6.694	0.691	64.85	0.101	6.954	2.163	22.355	0.001
Radiation	No	Ref.				Ref.
	Yes	1.36	0.159	11.658	0.779	1.287	0.485	3.413	0.613
Extent of resection	No definitive treatment	Ref.				Ref.
	Parathyroidectomy	0.053	0.009	0.297	0.001	0.194	0.056	0.677	0.01
	En bloc radical resection	—	—	—	—	0.121	0.022	0.678	0.016
	Debulking	—	—	—	—	0.398	0.036	4.457	0.455