Dairy Foods in a Moderate Energy Restricted Diet Do Not Enhance Central Fat, Weight, and Intra-Abdominal Adipose Tissue Losses nor Reduce Adipocyte Size or Inflammatory Markers in Overweight and Obese Adults: A Controlled Feeding Study

Table 9

Endocrine hormones and inflammatory cytokines in women and men consuming adequate-dairy (AD) or low-dairy (LD) diets following a 12 week intervention.

	Adequate dairy		Low dairy
	Run-in	Week 12	Run-in	Week 12
Leptin, ng/mL	39.5 + 23.7	29.5 + 24.0	28.7 + 21.0	21.7 + 16.5
Adiponectin, ug/mL	13.7 ± 7.2	13.8 ± 6.7	14.7 ± 7.6	15.2 ± 7.1
PAI-1, Um/L	19.2 ± 16.3	16.0 ± 11.3	21.5 ± 15.6	19.5 ± 19.1
IL-1β, pg/mL	0.56 + 1.12	0.41 + 0.69	0.48 + 0.47	0.48 + 0.51
IL-6 pg/mL	3.38 + 2.86	3.20 + 2.72	3.97 + 4.97	3.30 + 3.96
IL-8, pg/mL	1.58 + 1.10	1.53 + 0.67	1.51 + 0.85	1.61 + 1.01
TNF-α, pg/mL	3.15 + 1.65	3.07 + 1.51	3.07 + 1.63	3.19 + 1.46
hs-CRP, mg/L	3.4 + 4.5	2.4 + 2.4	2.5 + 3.3	2.1 + 3.8

Values are mean + SD.
IL: interleukin; TNF: tumor necrosis factor; hsCRP: high-sensitivity C-reactive protein.