Four-Year Trends in Cardiometabolic Risk Factors according to Baseline Abdominal Obesity Status in West-African Adults: The Benin Study

Table 1

Baseline characteristics of study subjects according to followup completion.

Characteristics	Complete data (𝑛=366)	Incomplete data (𝑛=175)	𝑃 value^a
Age years (mean±SD)
Men	37.8±10.2	36.0±9.9	0.041
Women	39.5±9.9	37.0±10	0.007
Sex (%)
Men	48.6	53.1	0.326
Women	51.4	46.9
Location (%)
Large city	35.0	41.1
Small city	36.9	20.6	0.001
Rural area	28.1	38.3
Socioeconomic level (%)
Low	33.3	36.6
Medium	35.6	37.1	0.498
High	31.1	26.3
Education (%)
No formal education	24.8	26.8
Elementary school	34.9	33.7	0.880
High school and above	40.2	39.4
Physical activity (%)
Active (≥30 min/d moderate/vigorous activity)	83.1	80.6
Inactive (<30 min/d moderate/vigorous activity)	16.9	19.4	0.276
Alcohol consumption (%)
Binge drinking	8.2	8.0
Regular high	6.8	10.9
Regular moderate	35.5	33.7	0.462
None	49.5	47.7
Smoking (%)
Current smokers	4.4	4.0	0.539
Former smokers	7.7	5.1
Nonsmokers	88.0	90.9
Diet quality indicator (mean±SD)
Micronutrient adequacy score	10.4±2.6	9.9±2.7	0.706
Body mass index (mean±SD)
Men	22.8±4.0	21.2±3.1	<0.001
Women	25.8±5.8	26.3±6.6	0.588
Waist circumference cm (mean±SD)
Men	83.9±11.0	79.0±8.0	0.001
Women	87.5±12.7	88.0±14.4	0.993
Number of cardiometabolic risk factors^b	1.0±0.8	0.9±0.9	0.706

^a𝑃 value for unpaired 𝑡-test or χ ² test as appropriate.
^bRisk factors other than abdominal obesity or overall overweight/obesity.