Diet, Physical Activity, and Obesity in School-Aged Indigenous Youths in Northern Australia

Table 2

Selected food frequency (“short nutrition questionnaire”) and physical activity by weight assessment for the whole study population.

	Normal weight (𝑛=150) 𝑛 (%)	Overweight or obese (𝑛=127) 𝑛 (%)	Total (𝑛=277) 𝑛 (%)	𝑃-value
How many servings of…. do you usually eat each day?
Fruit^a
1 servings/day or less	75 (50)	68 (54)	143 (52)	0.631
2-3 servings/day	46 (31)	39 (31)	85 (31)
4+ servings/day	29 (19)	19 (15)	48 (17)
Vegetables^a
1 servings/day or less	83 (55)	54 (43)	137 (49)	0.070
2-3 servings/day	43 (29)	52 (41)	95 (34)
4+ servings/day	24 (16)	20 (16)	44 (16)
Takeaway foods^a
never eat	11 (7)	15 (12)	26 (9)	0.356
1/week or less	99 (66)	83 (66)	182 (66)
2+ times/week	40 (27)	28 (22)	68 (25)
Turtle^b
never eat	24 (16)	22 (18)	46 (17)	0.323
1/week or less	90 (60)	63 (51)	153 (56)
2+ times/week	36 (24)	38 (31)	74 (27)
Dugong^c
never eat	29 (19)	25 (20)	54 (20)	0.228
1/week or less	87 (58)	61 (49)	148 (54)
2+ times/week	34 (23)	39 (31)	73 (27)
Fish^a
1/week or less	52 (35)	45 (36)	97 (35)	0.228
2-3/week	49 (33)	41 (33)	90 (33)
4+ times/week	49 (33)	40 (32)	89 (32)
Milk^d
Whole milk	134 (94)	110 (94)	244 (94)	0.434
Low/reduced fat	5 (4)	6 (5)	11 (4)
Other	4 (3)	1 (1)	5 (2)
Bread
White bread	141 (94)	113 (89)	254 (92)	0.163
Wholemeal, grain	9 (6)	12 (9)	21 (7)
Do not eat bread	0—	2 (2)	2 (1)
Spread
Butters	74 (50)	70 (55)	144 (52)	0.564
Margarine	71 (47)	52 (41)	123 (44)
Do not use dairy/margarine spread	5 (3)	5 (4)	10 (4)
Cooking oil^e
Monosaturated oils	56 (44)	54 (49)	110 (47)	0.475
Polysaturated oils	70 (56)	56 (51)	126 (53)
Breakfast cereal
Without added sugars	94 (63)	76 (60)	170 (61)	0.870
With added sugars	47 (31)	42 (33)	89 (32)
Do not eat cereal	9 (6)	9 (7)	18 (7)
Soft Drink
With added sugar	132 (88)	110 (87)	242 (87)	0.759
Diet drinks	17 (11)	15 (12)	32 (12)
Do not drink soft drink	1 (1)	2 (2)	3 (1)
Physical activity in the last week^f
0–3days	56 (39)	72 (57)	128 (47)	0.003
4–7 days	89 (61)	55 (43)	144 (53)

^aMissing information for 1 youth; ^bmissing information for 4 youths; ^cmissing information for 2 youths; ^dmissing information for 17 youths; ^emissing information for 41 youths; ^fmissing information for 5 youths.