Improving Prediction Algorithms for Cardiometabolic Risk in Children and Adolescents

Table 1

Cardiometabolic risk scores developed for children and adolescents.

	Andersen and Haraldsdottir 1993 [32]	ADA 2000 [22, 36]	Rodríguez-Morán et al. 2004 [23]	McMahan et al. 2005 [21]	Andersen et al. 2006 [33]	Reed et al. 2007 [18]	Brambilla et al. 2007 [19] Bueno et al. 2007 [20]	Andersen et al. 2010 [35]
𝑁	203	66	965	2,575	1,732	242	153	210
Age range (years)	15–19	5–17	10–18	15–34	9–15	9–11	9–13	9-10
Sex (% male)	43	29	N/A	N/A	47	50	52	54
Nationality or ethnicity	Danish	South Asian, British, and African Caribbean	Mexican		Danish, Estonian, and Portuguese	Canadian	Spanish	Danish
Stratification, adjustment, or standardisation	Sex	Age and sex (for BMI)	Age and sex (for BMI, BP, and TG)		Age, sex, and country	Age, sex	Sex (for obesity)	Sex
Exclusions							Nonobese
Score name	Total risk score	T2D criteria	REGODCI	PDAY	Composite score	Healthy Heart Score	MIRACLE	Composite risk factor score
Risk factor included [Y = yes]
Age				Y
Sex				Y
BMI		Y	Y	Y		Y	Y
𝑊𝐶^∗							Y
Skinfolds	Y				Y			Y
𝑆𝐵𝑃^∗	Y		Y		Y	Y	Y	Y
𝐷𝐵𝑃^∗	Y		Y			Y	Y
𝐻𝑦𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛^∗		Y		Y
TC	Y
𝐻𝐷𝐿-𝐶^∗	Y		Y	Y
Non-HDL-C				Y
TC:HDL-C					Y			Y
𝑇𝐺^∗	Y		Y		Y			Y
𝐺𝑙𝑢𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒^∗			Y
Dyslipidemia		Y
Hyperglycemia				Y			Y
Insulin resistance					Y			Y
T2D							Y
PCOS		Y
Smoking	Y			Y
Fitness					Y	Y		Y
PA						Y
Family history of CVD/T2D/Hypertension/obesity		Y	Y				Y
SGA							Y
Birth weight			Y
Ethnicity		Y					Y
Acanthosis nigricans		Y					Y

∗MetS components are given in italics.