Associations of Body Mass Index with Sexual Risk-Taking and Injection Drug Use among US High School Students

Table 2

Prevalence and adjusted odds ratios for HIV/STD-related risk behaviors by BMI, among female and male high school students, United States, 2005–2011.

Subgroups	Current sexual activity^a			Multiple sex partners^b			No condom use^c			Injection drug use^d
	%	OR	(95% CI)	%	OR	(95% CI)	%	OR	(95% CI)	%	OR	(95% CI)
Female
BMI category
Normal	35.8	1.00	(Referent)	28.4	1.00	(Referent)	44.0	1.00	(Referent)	2.3	1.00	(Referent)
Underweight	31.1	0.75	(0.60–0.94)	37.6	1.44	(0.942–2.19)	61.4	1.91	(1.26–2.89)	3.1	1.62	(0.64–4.15)
Overweight	34.8	0.94	(0.85–1.04)	36.3	1.45	(1.22–1.71)	47.7	1.18	(1.01–1.36)	2.0	0.86	(0.51–1.44)
Obese	31.9	0.80	(0.71–0.89)	39.1	1.59	(1.32–1.91)	49.3	1.30	(1.07–1.57)	4.2	1.98	(1.15–3.41)
Male
BMI category
Normal	34.0	1.00	(Referent)	43.2	1.00	(Referent)	30.0	1.00	(Referent)	4.4	1.00	(Referent)
Underweight	23.6	0.61	(0.49–0.76)	38.2	0.79	(0.51–1.23)	35.8	1.28	(0.87–1.91)	5.3	0.95	(0.44–2.02)
Overweight	34.4	1.04	(0.95–1.14)	47.3	1.15	(0.97–1.38)	33.8	1.19	(1.04–1.37)	4.6	1.03	(0.73–1.45)
Obese	29.4	0.78	(0.69–0.87)	47.7	1.17	(1.00–1.37)	32.6	1.11	(0.94–1.32)	6.2	1.42	(1.03–1.96)

BMI: body mass index = weight [kg]/height [m]² (based on self-reported height and weight, using age- and sex-specific percentiles from growth charts developed by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention); normal = 5th percentile ≤ BMI < 85th percentile; underweight = BMI < 5th percentile; overweight = 85th percentile ≤ BMI < 95th percentile; and obese = BMI ≥ 95th percentile. HIV: human immunodeficiency virus. STD: sexually transmitted disease. OR: odds ratio, adjusted for race/ethnicity and grade. CI: confidence interval.
^aHad sexual intercourse during the 3 months before the survey.
^bHad sexual intercourse with four or more persons during their lifetime (among students who were currently sexually active).
^cDid not use a condom during last sexual intercourse (among students who were currently sexually active).
^dEver used a needle to inject any illegal drug into their body (among students who were currently sexually active).