Disparities in Risk Factors Associated with Obesity between Zanzibar and Tanzania Mainland among Women of Reproductive Age Based on the 2010 TDHS

Table 5

Crude and adjusted odds ratios of obesity among nonpregnant Tanzanian women.

Variable	Univariate analysis			Multivariate analysis
	OR (se)	95% CI	value	AOR (se)	95% CI	value
State
Mainland Tanzania	0.50 (0.04)	[0.43, 0.59]	<0.0001	0.66 (0.07)	[0.53, 0.82]	0.0001
Zanzibar	Reference
Place of residence
Urban	3.18 (0.25)	[2.72, 3.71]	<0.0001	1.27 (0.14)	[1.03, 1.57]	0.0281
Rural	Reference			Reference
Wealth index
Poorest	Reference			Reference
Poorer	1.36 (0.31)	[0.87, 2.12]	0.1719	1.33 (0.30)	[0.85, 2.07]	0.213
Middle	1.89 (0.40)	[1.25, 2.88]	0.0028	1.79 (0.39)	[1.17, 2.75]	0.0077
Richer	3.39 (0.67)	[2.30, 4.99]	<0.0001	2.99 (0.62)	[1.99, 4.50]	<0.0001
Richest	9.09 (1.69)	[6.32, 13.09]	<0.0001	7.24 (1.63)	[4.66, 11.24]	<0.0001
Education level
No education	Reference			Reference
Primary	1.71 (0.22)	[1.33, 2.19]	<0.0001	1.28 (0.18)	[0.97, 1.68]	0.0762
Secondary and higher	2.36 (0.32)	[1.81, 3.08]	<0.0001	1.28 (0.21)	[0.94, 0.12]	0.1226
Marital status
Never married	Reference			Reference
Divorced/widowed	2.94 (0.45)	[2.17, 3.98]	<0.0001	1.95 (0.37)	[1.34, 2.84]	0.0005
Married/cohabited	3.31 (0.40)	[2.60, 4.20]	<0.0001	2.27 (0.36)	[1.66, 3.11]	<0.0001
Age (years)
15–19	Reference			Reference
20–29	2.05 (0.33)	[1.49, 2.82]	<0.0001	1.37 (0.25)	[0.95, 1.96]	0.0915
30–39	5.05 (0.77)	[3.74, 6.81]	<0.0001	3.29 (0.65)	[2.23, 4.84]	<0.0001
40–49	5.48 (0.84)	[4.06, 7.40]	<0.0001	3.76 (0.76)	[2.53, 5.59]	<0.0001
The use of cooking oil
No	Reference			Reference
Yes	1.68 (0.20)	[1.34, 2.12]	<0.0001	1.09 (0.15)	[0.84, 1.42]	0.5186
Meals per day
1 time	0.40 (0.14)	[0.19, 0.79]	0.0083	0.78 (0.30)	[0.37, 1.67]	0.5279
2 times	0.42 (0.04)	[0.35, 0.50]	<0.0001	0.73 (0.08)	[0.59, 0.91]	0.0042
3 to 4 times	Reference			Reference