FTO Gene Associates and Interacts with Obesity Risk, Physical Activity, Energy Intake, and Time Spent Sitting: Pilot Study in a Nigerian Population
Table 1
Characteristics of the study population.
Characteristics
Overall ()
Female ()
Male ()
Age (years)
22.64 (3.61)
23.05 (3.69)
22.22 (3.50)
0.105
Anthropometric
Body weight (kg)
66.98 (9.54)
62.54 (7.80)
71.56 (9.03)
<0.001
BMI (kg/m2)
25.96 (3.06)
25.52 (3.15)
26.41 (2.91)
0.044
Normal (n; %)
98; 48.80
45; 22.40
53; 26.40
0.182
Overweight/obesity (n; %)
103; 51.20
57; 28.40
46; 22.90
0.322
NC (cm)
31.24 (4.00)
30.78 (5.06)
31.25 (4.34)
0.121
WC (cm)
81.67 (8.02)
80.91 (7.50)
82.47 (8.48)
0.169
Central obesity (n; %)
65; 32.30
56; 27.90
9; 4.50
<0.001
WHR
0.881 (0.081)
0.862 (0.070)
0.899 (0.088)
0.001
Central obesity (n; %)
107; 53.20
57; 28.40
50; 24.90
0.445
WHtR
0.507 (0.055)
0.514 (0.053)
0.499 (0.056)
0.038
Visceral obesity (n; %)
110; 54.70
62; 30.80
48; 23.90
0.08
R2D : 4D
0.9711 (0.027)
0.9819 (0.027)
0.9600 (0.022)
<0.001
L2D : 4D
0.9684 (0.024)
0.9791 (0.023)
0.9573 (0.021)
<0.001
Energy intake (kcal/day)
1848.76 (431.17)
1763.73 (397.96)
1936.36 (448.23)
0.004
Time spent siting (minutes/week)
411.19 (183.12)
400.98 (173.53)
421.72 (192.82)
0.424
Physical activity (PA)
Total PA (MET-minutes/week)
678 (4177–40)
643.5 (3405–40)
1335 (4177–188.5)
<0.001
Light PA (MET-minutes/week)
396 (1782–0)
280.5 (1782–0)
495 (1782–33)
<0.001
Moderate PA (MET-minutes/week)
180 (1800–0)
120 (1800–0)
320 (1680–0)
<0.001
Vigorous PA (MET-minutes/week)
80 (1800–0)
0 (1800–0)
80 (1800–0)
0.072
Data are presented as means (standard deviation (SD) values shown in parenthesis) except stated otherwise. The difference was evaluated using Student’s T-test and Chi-square test for continuous and categorical variables, respectively; BMI: body mass index, NC: neck circumference, WC: waist circumference, WHR: waist to hip ratio, WHtR: waist to height ratio, R2D : 4D: ratio of right hand second to fourth digit, and L2D : 4D: ratio of left hand second to the fourth digit; n = number of samples; % = percentage; normal BMI < 25 kg/m2 while overweight/obesity BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2; central obesity was defined as WC > 80 cm for female and > 94 cm for male; central obesity was defined as for female and >0.90 for male; visceral obesity was defined as WHtR > 0.5; total energy intake per day from carbohydrate sources; data expressed by median (range); Mann–Whitney U test.
