Research Article

A Strong Graded Relationship between Level of Obesity and COPD: Findings from a National Population-Based Study of Lifelong Nonsmokers

Table 2

Logistic regression analyses of COPD among non-Hispanic white older women (aged 50+) who had never smoked () (odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs)).

Model 1: obesityModel 1: 95% CIModel 2: fully adjustedModel 2: 95% CI

Obesity
BMI < 25 (ref)1.001.00
Overweight (BMI = 25–29)1.33(1.23, 1.45)1.26(1.15, 1.37)
Obese (BMI = 30–39.9)2.26(2.08, 2.46)2.13(1.96, 2.32)
Class III obesity (BMI ≥ 40)4.29(3.80, 4.85)4.02(3.54, 4.58)

Age by decade
50s (ref)1.00
60s1.37(1.25, 1.50)
70s1.55(1.40, 1.72)
80+1.74(1.55, 1.95)
Height0.99(0.97, 1.00)

Socioeconomic status
Education
  Did not graduate high school1.33(1.17, 1.52)
  Graduated high school1.16(1.05, 1.28)
  Attended college or technical school1.25(1.13, 1.38)
  College or technical school graduate (ref)1.00
Household income
  $75,000 or more (ref)1.00
  $50,000 to less than $75,0001.47(1.27, 1.69)
  $25,000–$49,9992.09(1.84, 2.36)
  $15,000–$24,9992.47(2.15, 2.82)
  <$15,0003.76(3.24, 4.37)
  Missing1.94(1.70, 2.22)

Household conditions
Marital status
  Married at least once1.28(1.09, 1.50)
  Never married (ref)1.00
Number of adults/households
  1 (ref)1.00
  20.92(0.85, 1.00)
  ≥31.06(0.95, 1.18)
  Missing1.18(1.05, 1.33)

Health plan
Yes (ref)1.00
No1.09(0.95, 1.26)
−2 log likelihood30315.529299.2