Correlations between Traditional and Nontraditional Indicators of Adiposity, Inflammation, and Monocyte Subtypes in Patients with Stable Coronary Artery Disease
Table 1
Baseline clinical characteristics according to body mass index (n = 97).
BMI 18.5 to 24.9 (n = 13)
BMI 25.0 to 29.9 (n = 38)
BMI ≥ 30.0 (n = 46)
value
Age (years)
54.6 ± 18.0
59.5 ± 8.3
57.8 ± 12.1
0.44
Sex
0.90
Male
10 (12.7)
31 (39.2)
38 (48.1)
Female
3 (16.7)
7 (38.9)
8 (44.4)
Smoking1
9 (14.8)
20 (32.8)
32 (52.5)
0.25
Alcohol abuse
0
1 (25)
3 (75)
0.49
IPAQ
0.54
Active
4 (12.9)
12 (38.7)
15 (48.4)
Minimally active
4 (10.8)
18 (48.6)
15 (40.5)
Inactive
5 (17.2)
8 (27.6)
16 (55.2)
Type 2 diabetes mellitus
3 (15)
8 (40)
9 (45)
0.96
Dyslipidemia
4 (7.3)
24 (43.6)
27 (49.1)
0.12
Hypertension
4 (6.8)
25 (42.4)
30 (50.8)
0.06
BMI (kg/m2)
23.8 ± 1.2
27.4 ± 1.4
33.4 ± 3.6
<0.001
WC (cm)
Male
88.4 ± 6.4
96.6 ± 5.2
110.0 ± 9.2
<0.001
Female
84.3 ± 3.1
92.5 ± 7.5
101.4 ± 5.4
0.002
HC (cm)
Male
93.9 ± 3.9
99.6 ± 3.7
109.1 ± 8.7
<0.001
Female
96.3 ± 4.2
100.1 ± 6.1
110.1 ± 5.8
0.003
WHR
Male
0.94 ± 0.06
0.97 ± 0.06
1.00 ± 0.06
0.002
Female
0.88 ± 0.04
0.93 ± 0.06
0.92 ± 0.06
0.41
NC (cm)
Male
37.4 ± 1.5
39.3 ± 2.2
42.7 ± 3.1
<0.001
Female
33.6 ± 1.7
35.3 ± 2.5
37.2 ± 1.6
0.002
LAP (cm/mmol/l)
Male
27.67 (21–53)
42.09 (28–71)
80.18 (58–21)
<0.001
Female
30.14 (13–39)
38.55 (35–51)
85.09 (49–113)
0.019
VAI (log)
Male
3.35 (2.4–4.7)
3.64 (2.7–7.5)
5.18 (3.4–8.3)
0.09
Female
3.44 (1.6–4.6)
4.76 (3.1–6.1)
7.05 (3.3–9.3)
0.16
DAAT (cm2)
Male
170.0 ± 43.8
224.2 ± 34.2
309.9 ± 61.8
<0.001
Female
104.3 ± 14.1
143.4 ± 20.3
179.4 ± 25.0
0.002
IL-2 (pg/mL)
18.8 ± 1.7
19.6 ± 3.1
18.6 ± 1.9
0.19
IL-4 (pg/mL)
27.5 ± 5.5
27.4 ± 7.4
27.2 ± 6.1
0.99
IL-6 (pg/mL)
17.4 ± 3.0
17.7 ± 4.6
18.5 ± 5.5
0.68
IL-10 (pg/mL)
16.8 ± 4.4
16.5 ± 4.6
17.2 ± 8.3
0.90
INF-γ (pg/mL)
16.1 ± 3.9
18.3 ± 5.6
17.5 ± 4.0
0.33
hs-CPR (mg/L)
0.10 (0.1–0.4)
0.14 (0.02–0.3)
0.21 (0.1–0.4)
0.81
Fibrinogen (mg/dL)
298.9 ± 69.5
283.8 ± 63.9
284.0 ± 64.1
0.74
Mon1 (%)
62.1 ± 15.0
59.5 ± 14.2
57.3 ± 17.9
0.61
Mon2 (%)
4.9 ± 1.9
5.8 ± 2.2
5.2 ± 2.5
0.39
Mon3 (%)
15.3 ± 8.7
16.5 ± 8.2
18.4 ± 9.6
0.45
Values are presented as mean ± standard deviation, median (interquartile range), or n (%). 1Current or past smoking. IPAQ: International Physical Activity Questionnaire; BMI: body mass index; WC: waist circumference; HC: hip circumference; WHC: waist-hip circumference; NC: neck circumference; LAP: lipid accumulation product; VAI: visceral adiposity index; DAAT: deep-abdominal-adipose tissue; IL: interleukin; INF-γ: interferon-gamma; hs-CRP: high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; Mon1: classic monocytes; Mon2: intermediate monocytes; Mon3: nonclassic monocytes.
