Research Article

The Association of General and Central Obesity with Dietary Patterns and Socioeconomic Status in Adult Women in Botswana

Table 1

Food grouping used in the dietary pattern analyses.

GroupItems

(1) StarchesWhite & brown bread, phaphatha, rice, pasta, sorghum meal, mealie meal, baked, boiled, or mashed potatoes, sweet potato, tsabana, samp, mealie rice, dikgobe, madombi, breakfast cereals, fat cakes, millet, mageu, and kabu
(2) LegumesBaked beans, red peas, black eye beans, tswana beans, texturized soy, soy milk, Bambara nuts
(3) NutsPeanuts and peanut butter
(4) Milk & milk productsWhole, evaporated, skimmed, powdered, and condensed milk, cream cheese, madila, mayere, cheese, ice cream, yoghurt, infant formula
(5) EggsEggs
(6) White meatChicken with & without skin
(7) Red meatBeef, lamb, nama ya pudi, minced meat, seswaa, beef biltong, pork
(8) Organ meatsSerobe, kidney, gizzard, liver
(9) Processed meatsCorned beef, sausages, pastarami, polony, bacon
(10) FishFresh fish, canned tuna, canned fish, salted fish
(11) Yellow/orange vegetablesButternut/pumpkin, carrots, lerotse
(12) Cruciferous vegetablesCabbage, cauliflower, broccoli
(13) Green leafy vegetablesSpinach, lettuce, chomolia, rape, morogo wa dinawa
(14) Other vegetablesCucumber, mixed veggies, beetroot, mushroom, maraka, peppers, tswii, avocado
(15) Fruits & fruit juicesOrange, naartjie, grapefruit, pawpaw, mango, banana, apple, peach, pear, watermelon, grapes, morula, dried fruit, canned fruit, kiwi, strawberry, pineapple, moretlwa, mmilo
(16) Sweets & dessertsCandies, sugar added to tea, cookies, cakes, pudding, jelly, custard, jam
(17) Sweetened drinksFruit drinks, sodas
(18) Diet sodasDiet sodas
(19) Hot beveragesTea, herbal tea, coffee, chocolate drink
(20) Alcoholic drinksWine, rum, whiskey, gin, beer, chibuku
(21) Fats, oils, & dressingsButter, margarine, mayonnaise, salad dressing
(22) Savouries & fried snacksPotato fries, cheese snacks, savoury meat pies
(23) InsectPhane