Research Article

Metabolomic Links between Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Intake and Obesity

Table 1

General characteristics of all participants and participants with metabolome profile in BPRHS.

Participants with metabolomeAll participants

Participants (N)7811311
Female, n (%)554 (70.9)931 (71.0)
Age, mean (SE)57.3 (0.3)57.2 (0.2)
BMI, mean (SE)32.1 (0.2)31.9 (0.2)
Physical activity score, mean (SE)31.4 (0.2)31.4 (0.1)
Smoking
 Current smoking, n (%)180 (23.0)590 (24.3)
 Past smoking, n (%)238 (30.5)400 (30.5)
 Never smoking, n (%)362 (46.3)319 (45.0)
Alcohol drinking
 Current drinking, n (%)320 (41.0)381 (39.9)
 Past drinking, n (%)236 (30.2)401 (30.6)
 Never drinking, n (%)222 (28.4)523 (29.1)
Type 2 diabetes, n (%)307 (39.3%)519 (39.6)
Hypertension, n (%)547 (70.0%)900 (69.4)
SSB intake, servings/day (SE)0.49 (0.03)0.49 (0.02)
Total energy intake (kcal), mean (SE)2113 (28)2120 (25)