Risk Factors for Age-Related Maculopathy

Table 14

Studies investigating the relationship between dietary fat/fish intake and risk for ARM.

Study	No. of cases	Measure of risk factor	Type of ARM	Odds ratio or relative risk	95% confidence interval
Cross-Sectional Studies
National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III [56]	7883	Total fat intake (percentage of total energy)	Early ARM	1.4	0.9–2.2
			Late ARM	0.7	0.2–2.6 (>60 years of age)
Blue Mountains Eye Study [253]	2900	Energy-adjusted intake of cholesterol	Late ARM	2.71	0.93–7.96
		Frequency of fish consumption per week	Late ARM	0.52	0.22–1.24 (1/wk)
				0.47	0.20–1.11 (2–4/wk)
				0.46	0.12–1.68 (>5/wk)
Prospective Studies
Beaver Dam Eye Study [254]	2152	Saturated fat %kJ	Early ARM	1.8	1.2–2.7
		Cholesterol Mg/4200 kJ	Early ARM	1.6	1.1–2.4
Blue Mountains Eye Study [255]	2335	Total dietary fat	Early ARM	0.92	0.53–1.59
			Late ARM	1.19	0.36–3.94
		Frequency of fish consumption per week	Early ARM	0.58	0.37–0.90 (1/wk)
			Late ARM	0.25	0.06–1.00 (3/wk)