|
| Genetic predisposition |
|
| Family history of ARM |
| Complement Factor H gene |
| Apolipoprotein E gene |
| LOC gene |
|
| Cardiovascular disease |
|
| Clinical Evidence of Atherosclerosis |
| Angina/Heart attack/Stroke |
| Subclinical evidence of atherosclerosis |
| Carotid atherosclerosis |
| Aortic atherosclerosis |
| Cigarette smoking |
| Diabetes mellitus |
| Hypertension and associated disease |
| Ischemic cerebral white matter changes |
| Abnormalities of the retinal vasculature |
| Cholesterol |
| Total cholesterol |
| Low-density Lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol |
| High-density Lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol |
| Obesity |
| Female sex hormones |
| Endogenous estrogen exposure |
| Age at menarche |
| Age at menopause |
| Number of pregnancies |
| Exogenous estrogen exposure |
| Oral contraceptives |
| Hormone replacement therapy |
| Novel risk factors for atherosclerosis |
| Lipid-related Factors |
| Apolipoproteins |
| Lipoproteins |
| Inflammatory markers |
| C-reactive protein |
| Interleukins |
| Serum Amyloid A |
| Vascular and Cellular Adhesion Molecules |
| White Blood Cell Count |
| Homocysteine/Folate/Vitamin B12/Vitamin B6 |
| Infectious agents |
| Cytomegalovirus |
| Helicobacter pylori |
| Chlamydia pneumoniae |
|
| Indicators of Inflammation |
|
| Systemic Diseases with Inflammatory Components |
| Gout |
| Emphysema |
| Anti-inflammatory Medications
|
| NSAIDs |
| Steroids |
| Markers of Systemic Inflammation |
| White Blood Cell Count |
| Serum Albumin |
| Plasma Fibrinogen |
| C-reactive Protein |
| Complement Factor H Y402H Polymorphism |
| CRP Haplotype |
| Serum Amyloid A |
| Interleukin-6 |
| Tumor Necrosis Factor- |
|
| Markers of Endothelial Dysfunction |
|
| Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 |
| E-Selectin |
|
| Indicators of Oxidative Stress |
|
| Anti-oxidants |
| Vitamin C |
| Vitamin E |
| Vitamin A |
| Carotenoids |
| Lutein |
| Zeaxanthin |
| - and -Carotene |
| -Cryptoxanthin |
| Lycopene |
| Enzymes |
| Plasma Glutathione Peroxidase |
| Superoxide Dismutase |
| Trace Elements |
| Zinc |
| Pro-oxidant status |
| Dietary fat intake |
| Total fat |
| Saturated fat |
| Polyunsaturated fat |
| Fish/Fish oils |
| Visible Light Exposure |
| Sunlight |
| Ultraviolet-B |
|
| Ocular Factors |
|
| Refractive Error |
| Emmetropia |
| Myopia |
| Hypermetropia |
| Iris Color |
| Cataract |
| Nuclear Sclerosis |
| Cortical Lens Opacities
|
| Posterior Subcapsular Cataracts |
| Cataract Surgery |
|
| Miscellaneous Factors |
|
| Alcohol Consumption |
| Beer |
| Wine |
| Spirits |
| Medication Use |
| Estrogens |
| Lipid-lowering Agents |
| CNS Medications |
| Non-steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Medications |
| Anti-hypertensive Medications |
| Coffee Consumption |
| Frailty |
| Physical Activity |
|
